Dinosaur Train: What's at the Center of The Earth? (2017)

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Dinosaur Train: What's at the Center of The Earth? (2017)

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PBS KIDS OPENS
WORLDS OF POSSIBILITIES

FOR ALL CHILDREN.

THANKS TO PBS STATIONS
AND VIEWERS LIKE YOU.

- Hello, folks.
It's me, the Conductor.

Today we'll take a trip
on the Dinosaur Train

on a journey
deep under the Earth.

I can dig it.

So come on along with me
on the Dinosaur Train.

All aboard!

- ♪ Dinosaur Train

[train whistle toots]
- ♪ Dinosaur Train

- ♪ Once upon a time,
there was a mom ♪

♪ Her name was
Mrs. Pteranodon ♪

♪ Sitting on her nest, she
heard a scratching and said ♪

- Oh, boy,
my eggs are hatching!

- ♪ One by one,
her kids popped free ♪

♪ Baby Pteranodons,
one, two, three ♪

- I'll name you
Tiny, Shiny, and Don.

- ♪ But Tiny said ♪
- Wait, there's one more, Mom!

- ♪ The last little baby
was a different size ♪

♪ With teeth and a tail
and big green eyes ♪

♪ He didn't look
anything like the rest ♪

- What am I doing
in a Pteranodon nest?

- ♪ But dear old
Mrs. Pteranodon said ♪

- Oh, this is your family,
and I'm your mom.

You may be different,
but we're all creatures.

All dinosaurs
have different features.

Come on, Buddy,
we'll take a vacation.

I'll get us a ticket
at Pteranodon Station.

We'll travel the world
in sunshine and rain

and meet all the species
on the...

- ♪ Dinosaur Train
- ♪ Dinosaur Train

- ♪ Dinosaur Train
- ♪ Dinosaur Train

- ♪ We're gonna ride...
- ♪ Ride, ride, ride, ride

[train whistle toots]

- ♪ The Dinosaur Train

- [roars]

- Tickets.
Tickets, please.

all:
Hello, Mr. Conductor!

- Where's
Mrs. Pteranodon today?

- Oh, she's taking a little time
for herself.

A little Mom vacation.

- A Mom-cation.

- So it's just me
and the kids.

- Excellent.

Anyone feeling excited
about our special secret trip?

kids: Yes!

- Especially me,

because you said
it was secret

and it involved digging.

- That's right.
I did.

- And you know
what digging means?

Holes!

- And you know who loves holes?
- Me!

- Wait. We're going on
a trip to a hole?

- More than just a hole, Shiny--
a cavern.

- Hooray!
We're going into a cavern!

Wait.
What's a cavern?

- You know
what caves are, right?

- Yes.
I love caves.

- Good, 'cause a cavern
is a huge cave

that goes on and on
underground.

- Mm, I'm not sure
I like this idea.

- Good morning, everyone.
kids: Gilbert!

- Gilbert? Are you coming
to the cavern too?

- Ab-so-tootly-lutely,
Miss Shiny.

I wouldn't miss it.

- All right, then.
I like this idea.

[ting]

- Can we show them where
we're going, Uncle Conductor?

- Well, we could
show it to 'em,

but I'd rather
sing it to 'em.

Oh, yeah.

- Whee!
- Whoo-hoo!

- ♪ We've been up

♪ We've been down

♪ Here and there,
all around ♪

both: ♪ But this time the
train's going underground ♪

- [gulps]

- ♪ Deep down under
the Earth's foundation ♪

♪ There's a place called
Cretaceous Cavern Station ♪

- ♪ But, my friends,
that's just the start ♪

♪ We're digging down
to a deeper part ♪

♪ We'll dig as deep
as we can handle ♪

♪ Maybe all the way
till we reach the mantle ♪

- ♪ We'll probably stop there,
it's pretty hot there ♪

all: ♪ What's at the center
of the Earth? ♪

both: ♪ Who knows
what we'll discover? ♪

all: ♪ What's at the center
of the Earth? ♪

both: ♪ Who knows
what we'll uncover? ♪

- ♪ Caverns
- ♪ Rivers

- ♪ Jewels and minerals

- ♪ But I hope not
red-hot lava ♪

all: ♪ What's at the center
of the Earth? ♪



- ♪ I'm so glad
we're on this ride ♪

♪ Who knows what's on
the Earth's inside? ♪

- ♪ Can we dig
right through ♪

♪ And come out
the other side? ♪

- ♪ A fun thought, Don

♪ But probably not, Don

- Aw.

all: ♪ What's at the center
of the Earth? ♪



♪ What's at the center
of the Earth? ♪

[all cheering]

- Mr. The Conductor?
- Yes, Mr. The Don?

- Is Cretaceous Cavern Station
at the center of the Earth?

- Actually,
it's way up here.

See, if you look at the layers
inside the Earth,

We all live on the thin,
solid outermost layer,

called the crust.

Even though
it's miles and miles thick,

everything we know,
from our mountains

to our oceans,
lies way up on top

of that layer
of the Earth's crust.

- But we are going to dig
a giant hole in the crust,

further down, right?

Yes.
As far down as we can dig,

before we reach
this area,

called the mantle.

It's very thick
and very hot.

And beneath that layer
is the core,

which is extremely hot,

nearly as hot
as the surface of the sun.

all: Wow.

- We're not going there,
right?

- Not at all.
We'll just be digging up here,

in the crust,
near the top--

no digging down into the core,
not even the mantle.

- Just...the...crust.

- Just...the...crust,
period.

- Whew.
- Yay!

I can't wait till
we dig through the crust

and then the mantle
and then the core

till we reach
the center of the Earth.

What's that made of?

- Not rock or dirt.

I'm gonna have to come up
with a good hypothesis.

- All we can do
is hypothesize, Buddy.

We don't know what's
at the center of the Earth.

It's so hot,
we can't even get close to it.

- This is going to be
the best hole ever.

[bell chiming]
- Oh, my.

Time to go underground.

Ready, everyone?

all: Ready!

- Not so ready.

- 'Cause it's time
for a Time Tunnel.

Time Tunnel approaching.

Next stop,
Cretaceous Cavern Station.

Here we are,
deep under the Earth.

Welcome to
Cretaceous Cavern Station.

all: Whoa!

- All right, everyone,
follow me

to our most
experimental train yet.

- Dinosaurs and Pterosaurs,

may I present
the latest invention

from Dinosaur Train Industries,

the Drill Train.

all: Whoa!
- It's huge!

- Today we'll ride along
in comfort

as the Drill Train drills
a brand-new tunnel

down into the Earth's crust,
on a voyage of discovery.

- What are we
going to discover?

- We're looking
for right place to build

a brand-new underground
train station.

- But why are you building
a station deeper underground?

- Yeah, no one lives
farther down, right?

- You'd be surprised,
Shiny.

A lot of creatures live
farther underground than this.

They just get
tinier and tinier

the deeper down we go.

- Rawk!
Tiny? All right!

- So we've decided to build
a station that caters

to our deeper-underground
clientele.

- It is our goal
to ultimately reach

every corner
of the Mesozoic.

- All aboard
the Drill Train!

- Whoo-hoo! Yeah!
- All right! The Drill Train.

- We're actually going to
drill down

into the Earth
in this thing?

- Yeah.
What are we waiting for?

Come on!
Rawk!

[whirring]

all: Ooh!

- Hey, Shiny,
how are you doing?

- [whimpers]

- Just relax
and enjoy the ride.

- Well,
I'd feel a lot better

if there was something outside
the window besides rock.

- First stop--
we're here.

- We're here?
Where's here?

[rumbling]

all: Ooh!

- Hooray!
Is this the center of the Earth?

- Well, Don, in fact,

we've barely scratched
the surface.

- We Troodons are gonna
get out and have a look around.

See if this is a likely spot to
build our underground station.

- Wow.

- Rawk!
It's pretty neat.

But why would this be
a spot for a station?

It kind of just looks
like a hole in the dirt.

- This is a great spot
for a station.

Look, there are all kinds of
interesting shapes in the rocks.

You can really see
the different layers.

- Dad?
Can we go explore a little?

- All right, just stay
within "rawking" distance!

- Okay! Rawk!
- Rarr!

- Shiny, don't you want
to explore

and see if we can find
any strange underground life?

- Don, I'm pretty sure
that nothing could live

this far down,
no matter how strange.

all: Aah!

- Oh. Oh, hello.

- Rawk! Hello.
Sorry.

You just really
surprised me.

- Oh, I surprised you?

How do you think I feel,

digging around and running
into a giant drill train

and a bunch
of surface creatures?

You are
surface creatures, right?

- Right.

- I haven't spent much time
on the surface,

you know, above ground.

- So you have been
above ground?

- Sure.
It's nice, I guess.

I live near the surface
most of the time,

but occasionally I like to go

for a deep dive
way down here.

I just love to dig.

- Hello.
I'm Tiny Pteranodon.

- Oh, I'm Natasha.
I'm a Necrolestes.

- We're Pteranodons.
And Buddy is--

- [gasps]
He's a T. Rex, right?

I've heard of those,
but never seen one.

- This is so great.

I've never seen
a Necrolestes either.

Do you mind
if we compare features?

It's kind of my thing.

- I would love it.

Let's start with you,
Buddy.

- Okay.
T. Rexes have big hind legs,

three-toed feet,
lots of teeth,

a great sense of smell,
and great eyesight.

- Oh, great eyesight
isn't really very important

if you're always tunneling
in the dark.

I can see,
just not very well.

I've got a big snout,

a short body,
and wide legs.

They're all especially helpful
for digging tunnels,

and living underground.

- Wow! So you're like
an extra-amazing digger.

- Oh, thanks, but there are
even better diggers

than me down here.

- There are other creatures
down here?

- Sure.
It's amazing underground.

I can show you around.

- Oh, that would be nice.
I'm...kind of nervous.

Underground
is a little scary.

- Scary?
Nah.

Stick with me, Shiny.

I've lived my entire life
underground,

and nothing bad
has happened to me yet.

- Thanks, Natasha.

I don't feel
quite as scared now.

I think I can
handle this...

as long as we don't
dig deeper.

- Well, of course
we're gonna dig deeper.

- Oh.

- Come on, everyone,
back to the Drill Train!

- Where are we going now,
Mr. Conductor?

- Well, although this could be
a perfect spot for a station,

I have a hunch
that if we dig deeper,

we'll find
a more perfect spot.

- [gasps]

This Drill Train of yours

is the most amazing thing
I've ever seen.

- Isn't it?

- Huh, digs pretty fast,
does it?

- Amazingly fast.

- Well, you know,
after this layer of dirt,

you'll hit some solid rock.

I've never dug farther.

- The Drill Train will dig

right through
that solid rock, Natasha.

- Oh. Wow!

- Natasha, would you like to
join us in the Drill Train?

- Oh, Shiny, love to.

- All aboard!

Let's dig deeper!

all:
Yes, let's dig deeper!

- Rawk! Okay, since
we're all the way down here,

we might as well dig
a little deeper.

all: Yay, Shiny!
Let's dig deeper!

♪ What's at the center
of the Earth? ♪

- Hi, there, I'm Dr. Scott,
the paleontologist,

and we're here in
the paleontology lab

at the Natural History Museum
of Los Angeles County.

Once fossils come
out of the field,

they come to places
like this,

where folks like Ishelle,
who are volunteers,

prepare the fossils.

And she's working
on the skull of a Ichthyosaur,

a prehistoric marine reptile
that swam in the seas

during the Triassic
time period,

million years ago.

So this specimen was buried
for million years.

It was discovered
by paleontologists,

brought back
to Los Angeles,

and it will take months
to maybe a year or more

to prepare this skull
so it can be studied.

And to prepare the fossils,

that means they use
a range of tools--

sometimes air abrasives,

sometimes tools
that you might recognize,

a toothbrush,
for example...

or a dental pick,

which you might have seen
at the dentist's office.

And it's with this range
of tools

that Ishelle is
removing the rock,

revealing the fossil,

and once it's fully revealed,

it is given
a specimen number,

a card is written up
about it,

and then it is time
to transport the fossil

into the collections.

And it's at that point,
that the research truly begins.

- Hello, folks.
It's me, The Conductor.

Today the Pteranodon Family
is deep in the Earth

looking for the perfect spot
to build

an underground train station.

So come on along with me
on the Dinosaur Train.

All aboard!

[upbeat music]



- Nice stack
of fish-wiches, Don.

- It's really swaying.

I bet you can't add
one more leaf.

- Uh, Don--

- Ah, a teetering
tower of treats.

Kind of reminds me
of the layers

of the Earth's underground,
Mr. The Don.

- That's what I was thinking,
Mr. The Conductor.

- I can see
the Earth's layers--

the crust, the mantle,
more mantle, then the core.

- Right.
That's where I live.

And that's where
I take vacations.

- Here comes the Drill Train,
drilling a hole way down

to the center
of the fish-wich Earth.

- Uh, Don,
somehow the Drill Train

makes less of a mess.
- [chuckles]

- Mmm, tasty.

Okay, this has been fun.

I'm ready to head
back up to the top.

Shouldn't we be
getting home?

- What?

Shiny, first we have to go
to the center of the Earth.

And we're almost there, right?

- No, we're not going
close to it.

- Don, listen. We're not going
to the center of the Earth.

- You don't know
everything, Tiny.

- I didn't say I did.

But Mr. Conductor
just told us we're not.

- Maybe he changed his mind.

- I know. Let's go
to the Passenger Coach.

I'll show you
just how far we are

from the center
of the Earth.

It'll be a layered discussion.
[chuckles]

Follow me.

Like Don's stack
of fish-wiches,

this globe shows us
the layers

that make up our Earth--

the thin, solid
outermost layer, the crust,

the denser,
deeper layer, the mantle,

and, finally, the really dense,
extremely hot core.

- Let's go there--the core,
the center of the Earth.

- It's super-duper-double-duper
hot there, Don,

as hot as the sun.

- Fine.
We won't go in it.

We'll just stand
outside of it.

- It's much too hot

to go anywhere near
the inner core, Don.

Now, here's where
the Drill Train started,

and here's where
we are now.

See? Still pretty close
to the Earth's surface.

- Is this where
we're going next?

- Uh...
[clears throat]

[whispering indistinctly]

- Actually, we're going
to a different area,

somewhere I've never been.

But I've been told

it's the perfect place to
explore for Nature Trackers.

- Ready? Okay.

kids:
Go, Nature Trackers!

[all cheering]

[rumbling]

- Shiny, I'm proud of you.

I know that when
we first started this trip,

you were nervous
about being underground.

But now you seem
fine and dandy.

- Thanks, Dad.
I do feel fine and dandy.

It's weird, though.
I mean, I can't see the sky.

And I can't even fly
up in the air whenever I want.

Plus, there's all that rock
over our heads,

and under our feet,

and on every side
all around us,

so much rock everywhere.

- [gulps, chuckles nervously]

Yeah, I hadn't really
thought of it that way.

- But none of that
really bothers me anymore.

Oh, well.

- [shaky voice]
Yeah, tons of rock above us,

below us, on all sides,
we can't fly out.

Oh!
- Deep breaths, Mr. P.

Calm, breathe.

- Mr. Pteranodon,
as a Necrolestes,

I live underground--

always have, always will--

and nothing bad
has ever happened to me.

You have my word, okay?

- [muttering]
[train grinding, crash]

- Oh! Ah! Is the train broken?
Are we stuck?

- It's okay, Mr. P.
- I knew it, we're stuck!

- The train is broken!
We're stuck!

- I knew it!
- Everything is gonna be okay.

- Friends, please, listen,
we're not stuck.

The Train isn't broken.

We stopped
because we're here.

- Oh, right.
[chuckles] I knew that.

[chuckles]
You got to stay calm, pal.

- It's Nature Trackers
adventure time, underground!

Let's discover some treasures
in the Earth's layers.

[all cheering]

- Let's get into
a deep hole!

kids: Yay!
Come on, let's go!

- This is what I told
Mr. Conductor--

many layers of the Earth
are full of fossils.

- Who remembers what
a fossil is?

- Old bones
of different animals.

- And leaves
and even footprints

and leaf-prints of things...

both:
Are preserved in rocks. Rawk!

- I love fossils,
don't I, Buddy?

- Yep. And so do I.

I even brought a fossil
from home for good luck.

This is a trilobite,
a really old fossil.

It's the best one I have.

all: Ooh.

- So, Mr. Conductor,

can we be Nature Tracker
Underground Fossil Hunters?

- You took the words
out of my mouth, Tiny.

Now, remember,
Fossil Hunters,

look in the layers
of sediment--

the older,
broken-apart rocks.

That's where
the fossils are.

- Look, here are
some ammonites--

fossils of animals that
actually lived in the ocean.

- The real ocean,
down here?

- Well, Don,
millions of years ago,

fossils of ocean animals
were buried

at the bottom of the ocean.

Then the fossils were all
pushed down into the Earth

to where we are now.

- So there are fossil sea shells
all over the place down here.

- What? Shells?
Real shells?

- Ab-so-tootly-lutely, Shiny.

Okay, Fossil Hunters,

let's start hunting.

- Who knew shells were
underground,

especially this far down?

Not this Pteranodon.

Show me some shells.

- Kids, as you hunt, you can put
all the fossils you find

in this cart.

Then I can wheel it
onto the Drill Train.

[soft music]



- Hey, my head's stuck.

Would someone please
pull me out?

- [grunting]
- Whoa! Whoa!

[grunting]
- [gasping]

Oh, no!
That was my best fossil!

My good-luck trilobite!

- Oh, no.
I'm really sorry, Buddy.

It was an accident.
- Yeah.

- But I will help you
find a new one.

We'll just look around,
there's tons of fossils here.

- Okay, tha--thanks, Don.

- Well, it's time to get back
on the train, Nature Trackers.

- Wait!
We can't go yet.

Buddy's lucky
trilobite fossil broke,

and we have to find him
another one.

- Actually, Tiny,

I'm pretty sure there aren't
any trilobites here.

- How do you know that?

- All the fossils here are from
a more recent time period,

and I've learned
after many years of digging

that you don't find fossils
from different time periods

mixed together.

- Oh, too bad, Buddy.

That's just how
layers work.

- Oh, but you know what?

Since we're already
underground,

I know a place where Buddy
can maybe find

another trilobite fossil.
- Really?

- We just have to drill down
a bit more,

to the fossils
of an older time period.

- [sighs]
Drill down?

I mean, of course!

Drilling down! Sounds great!
[chuckles]

- Can we please go to
Natasha's deeper fossil place,

Mr. Conductor?

kids: Please?

- Hmm...
of course!

How could I say no to
an opportunity to explore more?

[all cheering]

[rumbling]

- Yes!
Closer to the center of the--

- Don't say it, Don!

We're not going to
the "you know where."

- Actually, the place we're
going is called Fossil Alley.

kids:
Fossil Alley!

- Where we're going to find
Buddy another lucky trilobite.

Well, we hope.
Trilobites can be hard to find.

Any idea why, Buddy?

- I have a hypothesis.

Trilobites are really old.

They're from a time period
long ago,

so they're probably
deeper in the Earth.

- That is one excellent
hypothesis, Buddy.

You're onto something.

Older fossils are harder
to find

because they're deeper
in the Earth.

Then there's
the Law of Superposition.

- Super-po-what-chin?

kids:
Superposition.

- Oh, superposition.
Got it.

- What does it mean,
Mr. Conductor?

- Well, we know that fossils
are found in different layers.

The Law of Superposition
means that when we see

a stack of rock layers,

the oldest rocks are usually
on the bottom,

and the younger ones
are on top.

- So there are layers
of older and older fossils?

- Bingo, Buddy!

As the older layers of fossils
got buried deeper and deeper,

new layers
formed above them.

[bell chiming]

Oh! We're here!
Next stop--Fossil Alley.

[train grinding]
- Aah!

[sighs]
Calm, yes.

I'm perfectly calm.
Everyone else okay?

- We've just stopped,
Mr. P.

I've gonna have to have
those brakes checked.

Everyone, let's explore!

all:
Fossil Alley!

[cheering]

- All right,
this is the place.

Let's look
for ancient fossils.

- Rawk!
Show me more shells.

- Fossil,
I think it's a fossil,

Swirly fossil,
long fossil,

ooh, super-swirly fossil.

- Oh, trilobites.
Where are you, trilobites?

- Found one, Buddy?

- Oh, not a trilobite.
Keep looking, Buddy.

- [sighs]
I guess I'll never find a--

Wait.
Is that a...?

all:
Trilobite!

- [gasps]
It is a trilobite--

a beautiful one.

- Hooray!
We found a trilobite.

- Not just atrilobite.

- Whoa. Looks like there's
enough trilobites for everyone.

[all cheering]

- How do you like it,
Buddy?

- It's perfect.

It's even better
than my old one.

- Yeah. This one's gonna be
even luckier. Whoo-hoo!

- Okay,
Nature Tracker Fossil Hunters,

all aboard!

[all cheering]

- Thanks for taking us
to Fossil Alley, Mr. Conductor.

- Anything for
my favorite passengers, Buddy.

- Don't forget Natasha.

She told us
about Fossil Alley.

all:
Hip, hip, hooray!

- You know, I understand
there may be one other spot

that's even more perfect...
deeper down.

Should we all go
take a look?

- I--Well...
- Yeah.

Let's keep it going.

Let's drill down deeper
till we find out...

all: ♪ What's at the center
of the Earth? ♪

- Hi, I'm Dr. Scott,
the paleontologist

and these are
T. rex footprints.

Paleontologists
have discovered thousands

of dinosaur footprint
fossils.

They've been found
on every continent.

- Dinosaur footprints.

- Sometimes we just find
one footprint,

and sometimes we find
a long series of footprints

called "track ways."

Fossil track ways tell us
how dinosaurs moved.

Tracks tell us that disaurs
stood upright.

with their feet close together,

and since we don't find
many signs of dragging tails,

we know that dinosaurs held
their tails in the air.

- That's cool.

- Paleontologists have also
found track ways

of sprawling crocodiles...
[crocodile snarling]

and slithering snakes...
[snake hissing]

and hopping frogs.
[frog croaking]

Of course, animals living today
make tracks too.

You're probably seen some
right around your own home.

Hey, I've got an idea.

Get outside,
get into nature,

and make your own
footprint discoveries.

- We love playing games.
- Like All Aboard!

You can play, too,
online at pbskids.org.

- And lots
of other games!

- There's so much to learn
about all kinds of dinosaurs.

- Go to pbskids.org.

- ♪ Dinosaur Train
- ♪ Dinosaur Train

- ♪ Dinosaur Train
- ♪ Dinosaur Train

- ♪ Dinosaur Train
- ♪ Dinosaur Train

- ♪ We're gonna ride...
- ♪ Ride, ride, ride, ride

[train whistle toots]

- ♪ The Dinosaur Train

- Hello, folks.
It's me, the Conductor.

Today, the Pteranodon family

rides the drill train
to an underground cave

where they meet
some troglobites.

So come on along with me
on the Dinosaur Train.

All aboard!

- ♪ Dinosaur Train

[train whistle toots]
- ♪ Dinosaur Train

- ♪ Once upon a time,
there was a mom ♪

♪ Her name was
Mrs. Pteranodon ♪

♪ Sitting on her nest, she
heard a scratching and said ♪

- Oh, boy,
my eggs are hatching!

- ♪ One by one,
her kids popped free ♪

♪ Baby Pteranodons,
one, two, three ♪

- I'll name you
Tiny, Shiny, and Don.

- ♪ But Tiny said
- Wait, there's one more, Mom!

- ♪ The last little baby
was a different size ♪

♪ With teeth and a tail
and big green eyes ♪

♪ He didn't look
anything like the rest ♪

- What am I doing
in a Pteranodon nest?

- ♪ But dear old
Mrs. Pteranodon said ♪

- Oh, this is your family,
and I'm your mom.

You may be different,
but we're all creatures.

All dinosaurs
have different features.

Come on, Buddy,
we'll take a vacation.

I'll get us a ticket
at Pteranodon Station.

We'll travel the world
in sunshine and rain

and meet all the species
on the...

- ♪ Dinosaur Train
- ♪ Dinosaur Train

- ♪ Dinosaur Train
- ♪ Dinosaur Train

- ♪ We're gonna ride...
- ♪ Ride, ride, ride, ride

[train whistle toots]

- ♪ The Dinosaur Train

- [roars]

all: ♪ What's at the center
of the Earth? ♪

♪ What's at the center
of the Earth? ♪

- I love that song!

It's the perfect music
for our mission.

- To the center
of the Earth.

- Don, Mr. Conductor told you,

we're not really going
to the center of the Earth.

It's too deep
and impossibly hot.

Right, Gilbert?

- That's right, Shiny.

The mantle is hot,

and the core is even hotter.

As hot as the surface
of the sun.

- See?

- But we are digging way down

to find the perfect spot

for an underground
train station.

- And our next stop
should be pretty cool.

- Really?

Where is it?

- Please tell us.

We can't wait.

- Neither can I.

And luckily, we don't have to.

We're here!

[train whirring]

[all gasp]

All off board!

- [sighs]

Don: Wow, what a hole!

- Everything down here
is beautiful.

- Great place
for a train station, right?

- And even better place
to explore!

- Especially for
an amateur speleologist like me.

- A "whosabawhat-gist"?

- [chuckles]
A speleologist is someone

who studies caves.

all: Oh, a speleologist.

- You should've said so.

- Caves like this

take millions of years to form,

as the limestone
is slowly dissolved away

by underground rivers.

[chirping]

- Dad, did you just
tap me on the shoulder?

- No.

- [chirp]

- Did you just tap me
on the waist?

- No.

- [chirp]

[both yell]

[both gasp]

- Sheesh, could you
keep it down?

I'm sensitive to loud noises.

both: Sorry.

- Oh, I see you've met
Bernie the Beetle.

He's a troglobite.

- A troglobite is a creature

whose body is specially adapted

for living in deep caves
without any light.

- Very good, Gilbert.

- You mean he has
special features?

- Like eyes that can see
in the dark?

- [laughs]
You kidding?

I don't even have any eyes.

both: What?

- You don't need them
down here.

It's too dark.

Instead, I got these antennae.

They're extra-sensitive,

so when they touch things,

I can feel what they are.

- Can you see me
with your antennae?

- [muttering]

Three toes on the feet,
a long tail.

Ah, lots of teeth.
[gasps]

You are definitely a theropod.

- Buddy, you are
a theropod.

- And you're not just
any theropod.

You, my friend,
are a young T. rex.

- I am, Bernie.

That's amazing!

It's one of the coolest features

I've ever seen on a creature.

And I've seen a lot
of creatures' features.

- [laughs]
Thanks, Buddy.

Ooh, and you are a Pteranodon.

- [squeals]
I am a Pteranodon.

I'm Tiny, Buddy's sister,

and Buddy and I are here
with our family and friends.

- Hiya, family and friends!

all: Hello, Bernie.

- And hey, Buddy,

if you really love
creatures' features,

you should meet
my fishy friends.

They don't have any eyes either.

Hey, everyone,

come meet my new pals.

- Bernie,
if they don't have eyes,

how can they see you
waving your antennae?

- They can't,
but they can feel

the vibrations
of the water moving.

- That's so neat.

- Bernie, you were right.

Their features are amazing!

- Well, yeah.

But they're not my only friends

with amazing features.

Carla! Sylvester!

Cornelius! Crockett!

- No need to shout, mate.

- Easy, Bernie.

You're making the walls
shake with that noise.

- The pond too.

- I'm coming.
I'm coming.

- Everyone, I want you to meet

Crockett the Cricket,
Sylvester the Spider,

Cornelius the Crab,
and Carla the Crayfish.

- Hi, I'm Tiny Pteranodon,

and it's great
to meet all of you.

- Ooh, hi, hi, hi.

- Hello.
- Hello.

- Hey.

- So, Buddy, I don't know

if you can tell
by my friends' features,

but just like me,
none of them can see.

- Really?
You're all troglobites?

But you don't all have
antennae like Bernie.

How do you get around
if you can't see?

- Good question.

It's different for each of us.

I like to float in the pond,

so changes in water pressure

help me know what's where.

- And perhaps you've noticed
my long legs.

They pick up vibrations
in the air to guide me around.

- And the two of you
have antennae,

so you see
with those, right?

- Sure do!

But not Crockett.

His antennae help,

but his hearing
helps him even more.

- Your hearing?

But you don't have any ears.

- Indeed I do, Tiny.

They're on my legs.

all: Your legs?

- [laughs]
Righty-o!

So when I say,
"use my ears to get round,"

I'm not kidding!

- I bet I'd be
a great troglobite.

I'd crawl down
into the deepest, darkest holes

and walk around no problem,
like this.

Ow!

I'm okay.

- If I were a troglobite,

I'd want to be a fish
swimming in the water.

- If I were
a troglobite,

I'd move so fast,
no one would see me.

- Of course
no one would see you.

Troglobites don't see.

- I bet it would feel
pretty amazing

to be any kind of troglobite.

You'd see the world
in a whole new way.

- That's true, Buddy,

and it gives me an idea
for a little contest.

[whispering]

I'm gonna hide four mugs

from the Dinosaur Train
snack cart.

Then you'll close your eyes

and use your troglobite senses
to find them.

First one back
to the drill train

with their mug
is the best troglobite.

- Sounds great.

- I love it.
- Fun!

- Run around a cave

with my eyes closed?

I don't know.

- I brought five mugs.

I wanna play too!

Sounds like fun.

Don't you think so, Shiny?

- [nervous laughter]

Uh, it actually makes me
kind of nervous.

- Well, to help you out,
each of you will have

a troglobite partner.

- And I'll watch you too.

I won't let you walk
out of "rawking" distance.

- So is everybody ready?

all: Yes!

- Okay.

- Okay, junior troglobites,

do you each have
your troglobite helper?

all: Yes!

- Do you have your sticks

from the train for antennae?

all: Yes!

Then get set

and go find those mugs!

- I hit something
with my antennae.

- Yeah, you did,

and what does that tell you?

- That something's there,

and I have to go around.

- Excellent, Buddy.

- This is good,

but you can move the antennae
more gently

and feel for vibrations
with your feet.

Do you feel anything?

- I do.

I can feel someone's feet
stomping by.

Boom, boom, boom.

- Yes, so if someone's
moving there,

you know that way is clear.

Go, go!

- That's the way.

Wave the antennae
and find a path.

- Ah!
- Oops!

Sorry, Shiny.

I didn't mean it.

- Oh, Gilbert,
that's okay.

It was just an accident.

- Shiny, you all right?

- I don't like this.

I don't know
where anything is.

I wanna open my eyes.

- Wait, you can,
but try something first.

Use your ears like I do.

- But I don't have ears
on my legs like you do.

- Well, then use the ears
you do have

and listen really,
really carefully.

- Okay.

- I hit something else!

Left turn.

- Did we miss it?

I feel like
we've gone so far.

- Ow.
I'm okay.

- I hear everything!

It's like I hear the whole cave.

- Which means you can see
the whole cave.

Now, use your antennae

and make your way across.

- Whoa.

[splashing]

- I hear the pond.

Better go the other way.

[mug clinking]

[gasps]
That sounds like a mug!

I found them!

- Brilliant, Shiny!

- She found them!
- I hear her!

- Over there!
- Thataway!

- Come on back
to the drill train, Shiny.

Hurry!

Oh, it's very close now.

We're in the home stretch.

It's Shiny in the lead,

but Don is getting close

with Tiny and Buddy
right behind.

Don is closer, closer!

- Ugh.
I'm okay.

- Ooh, that's gotta hurt.

Now it's Tiny and Buddy
picking up speed.

They're gaining on Shiny!

But can she hold on
to her lead?

Yes, she can!

Shiny wins!

- I did it!
I won!

- Great job, Shiny.

You're the best troglobite
for sure.

- We're all great troglobites.

You guys were right behind me.

- And here I thought
you were nervous.

- Who, me?

[laughs, snorts]

I was really nervous,

but Crockett helped me use
all my other senses.

I felt like
I could really see the cave.

- Me too.
- I did too.

- Yeah.
- Same here.

- Thanks, Crockett.

I could never have done it
without you.

- Of course you could, mate.

But it was a pleasure
helping you out.

- Shiny, as an award
for your success

and your bravery,

we want to give you this rock.

It's from our pond.

- It's so smooth.

It feels shiny.

I love it!

And I loved exploring this cave
with all of you.

[clock chimes]
- I love it too.

But unfortunately,

it's time to get back
on the drill train.

All aboard!

- Thanks, Bernie.

I'll always remember you

and your incredible features.

- Come visit us again sometime.

Meanwhile, you hold on
to those antennae sticks.

A little something
to remember us by, huh?

- We will!

[all cheering]

- That was really fun.

I can't wait to get home

and tell Mom all about it.

So when do we go back
to the surface?

both: Back to the surface?

- Are you kidding?

We're going to dig deeper.

Right, Mr. The Conductor?

- Indeed, Mr. The Don.

I have one more place
to show you

that might be even more perfect

for a Dinosaur Train
underground station.

- Finally,
the center of the Earth.

- Well, not quite.

- A Pteranodon can dream,
can't he?

♪ What's at the center
of the Earth? ♪

- Hi, there, I'm Dr. Scott
the paleontologist,

and we're here
in the Natural History Museum

of Los Angeles County

in the paleontology collections.

Inside these drawers
are fossils,

millions of fossils,

and it's here
that all the fossils come

after they're prepared
in the paleontology lab.

This is the lower jaw
of a marine reptile,

a tylosaur--like a mosasaur--

that lived during the age
of dinosaurs.

And every fossil in here
has a card that goes with it.

And that card records
what kind of animal it is,

when it was found,
where it was found,

even who found it.

This one was found
by J.R. Macdonald, in .

Thanks, J.R.!

Each one of these drawers then,

and all these cabinets,
has more fossils.

Here is another full lower jaw
of another tylosaur mosasaur.

And you can see the jaw bone
and the teeth inside.

It's amazing to think
that millions of years ago,

this fossil
was part of an animal

that swam in the oceans.

And here it is,
housed in the museum forever,

so that paleontologists,
people like me,

can come and do the science

'cause this is where the science
really happens.

This is where
we make discoveries,

right here in this room.

- Hello, folks.

It's me, the Conductor.

Today, we continue our journey
through the Earth's crust

on a search for the perfect spot

for an underground
train station.

So come on along with me
on the Dinosaur Train.

All aboard!

all: ♪ What's at the center
of the Earth? ♪

♪ What's at the center
of the Earth? ♪

[machinery grinding]

[brakes squeaking]

- Well, that didn't
sound good.

I'm gonna go
check things out.

Be right back!

- This must be it.

We're finally
in the center of the Earth.

- Don, we're not
in the center of the Earth.

Are we, Gilbert?

- Nope.
Sorry, Don.

- Okay, so maybe we're not
in the core layer,

but we're at least
in the mantle layer, right?

- Nope.
Sorry, Don.

- So we're still
in the crust layer?

- Yep, right about...

here.

- Aww.

- Bad news, everyone.

- We're stuck?
I knew we'd get stuck.

I knew it!
I knew it!

[clears throat]
Sorry.

Continue.

- Well, actually, Mr. P,
you're right.

We are stuck.

Nothing I can't fix though.

all: Phew!

- So it looks like

we're gonna have to take a break

from looking
for the perfect spot

for the new Dinosaur Train
underground station.

- Yeah, but while we're here,

you all should get out
and take a look around.

I think you'll like
what you see.

Especially you, Shiny.

- Me? Okay.

all: Whoa!

- Oh, my goodness!

Where are we, and may we
please stay here forever?

- Uh, I think this is
The Cave of Giant Crystals.

I've heard of it,
but I've never seen it myself.

- Those are the biggest,

shiniest crystals
I've ever seen!

What are they made of?

- Minerals.

In fact, you see that
brownish crystal over there?

That's called topaz,

and that's what
broke the drill

on the front
of the drill train.

Hmm, probably need to make
a new drill bit.

- Wait, what?

That broke the drill?

- But that doesn't make
any sense.

We've been digging through
tons of dirt and rock

to get down here.

- Yeah, so how come

that topaz rock
broke the drill

when all the other rocks
we drilled through didn't?

- Well, first of all,
topaz isn't a rock.

It's a mineral.
- What's the difference?

- Minerals form naturally
in the earth

and are made
of the same thing

all the way through.

See?

- So clear and shiny!

- On the other hand,
rocks are made up

of a bunch of different kinds
of minerals.

Gilbert, can you grab me
my trusty rock hammer?

- So wait,
rocks are made out of minerals?

But how?

- Maybe minerals
hit each other

really hard
and join together.

- That's an interesting
hypothesis, Don.

- Let's test my hypothesis.

Everyone pick up a mineral.

Now, let's make a rock.

Boom.

Did we do it?
Did we make a rock?

both: No.

- Oh.
- But look!

My mineral broke.

- So did mine.

- Mine didn't.

Guess I grabbed
a piece of topaz.

- So wait, some minerals
are harder than others?

- Wow.

Topaz must be really hard.

I wonder
if there's something harder.

- Absolutely.

There are thousands
of different minerals,

and some of them
are harder than topaz.

- Thousands
of different minerals?

- Are they always that big?

- Nope, they come in all sizes.

Minerals start small,
then after a few million years,

they grow to form crystals
like those.

- This is all
really interesting,

but I wanna know
how to make a rock.

both: Yeah, me too!

- Okay, while I fix
the drill train,

you kids go gather up
some minerals.

Oh, and here, might as well
take the fossil cart.

- Now it's the mineral cart.

- Come on, let's go
get some crystals!

[all cheering]

[both gasp]

- Whoa, that mineral's
bigger than I am.

- Let me see.

Yep, that mineral

is definitely
bigger than you.

- Okay, grab the mineral cart
and follow me.

- Wow, what's that?

- Magma.

This is called
a magma chamber,

which is a small, underground
pool of hot, molten rock.

- But it looks too goopy
to be rock.

- Well, Don, it's rock
that's so hot

that it's melted into a liquid.

It's the same stuff that
comes out of volcanoes.

- Whoa.

- You kids ready?

Take a couple of those minerals

and throw them
into the pool of magma.

all:
Whoa, the minerals are melting!

- That is so cool.

Actually,
it's more hot.

But cool, you know?
- Now what?

- Yeah, when does it
become rock?

- Well, we'd have to wait
millions of years

for it to cool.

- Any way we can
speed that up

to, like,
eight or nine seconds?

- No, but we can do this.

This rock was formed
by that magma

and all the same minerals
that you kids found.

It's called granite.

- Granite, cool.

- Yep, cool magma, to be exact.

And it has feldspar,
quartz, and mica.

- Huh, mica?

I like-a.

- So first,

all those minerals
melt into the magma.

And then when the magma cools,

it makes a rock called granite?

- Correct, Shiny.

- Hmm, I wonder if

all those minerals together
make it stronger than topaz.

- Nope, not stronger.

But that's
a great idea, Tiny.

If we can find a mineral
harder than topaz,

maybe we can stick it on
to the broken drill bit.

- Then we can use
that extra hard mineral

to dig through the topaz
and get back home.

- But where are
we going to find

a mineral harder than topaz?

- There's gotta be one
down here somewhere.

Come on, let's split up
and search.

all: Yeah!

- And in case
you find something,

here, these will help you
break it free.

- A tiny hammer.

[squeals]
I love it.

[all cheering]

- Aww.

Hmm.

- Ugh.

- This is without a doubt

the shiniest place
I've ever been.

I wonder if I could live here
when I grow up.

I'll have to ask Dad if--

[gasps]

Sparkles!

[squeals]

[grunts]

I know,
I'll use my little rock hammer.

[clinking]

Almost got it.

Almost got it!

All right, I--whoa!

[yelling]

Uh-oh.

Guys, little help here!

[all gasp]

- We're coming, Shiny!
[grunts]

- Dad!
- Shiny!

Whew.
We saved you.

- Um, how did you save me
if we're all in the cart

and the cart's still moving?

- Uh, good question.
Buddy?

- Oh, uh, well--

[all yelling]

- Everybody lean left!

[all grunt]

Now lean right!
[all grunt]

- Ooh, crystals!

- Hi, bugs.
[gulps]

- Gah, I'm not feeling so well.

- Well, then you're really not
going to like this next part.

[all screaming]

- Okay, I'd like to stop now.

- Hey, look up ahead!

It's the drill train.

- Anyone have any idea
how to stop this thing?

- Everybody, hammers out!

[all yelling]

[all gasp]

- My mineral!

- Huh, I wonder if the kids
had any luck

finding a mineral
harder than topaz.

- My mineral!

Is it brok--

- Shiny, is this yours?

Do you know what this is?

- The shiniest mineral
I've ever seen.

- Yes, it's a diamond,

the hardest mineral
in the world.

Why, with that diamond

attached to the front
of the drill,

we'd be able to dig
through anything.

- Oh, so we can continue
our search for the perfect spot

for the Dinosaur Train
underground station.

- Yes, onward
to the center of the Earth.

- Uh, well, Don,
if we dig any deeper,

we'll get closer to the mantle
and then the core.

- All right, let's go!

Mantle! Core!

- Uh, Don,
the mantle is really hot,

and the core is even hotter--

as hot as the surface
of the sun.

- Oh.

Onward to the surface
of the Earth.

- All right, let me
go put this diamond

on the front, and we can g--

Yes, Shiny?

- [whispering]

- Well, Shiny, I think
that's an excellent idea.

- What'd she say?
- [clears throat]

Ladies and gentlemen,

may I present
Shiny's great idea

and welcome you
to the future location

of the Dinosaur Train
underground station!

[all chattering]

- Great idea, Shiny.

This place is perfect.

- [laughs]
Mission accomplished!

Great job, Team Pteranodon.

Does this mean
we can go home now?

- Why don't you all
climb on the train?

With this diamond
and Gilbert's help,

I should have this train
up and digging in no time.

[all cheering]

- That was the best trip ever.

We dug a huge hole.

- Met a new friend.
- Uh, hi.

- Dug a huge hole.

- Saw more shiny minerals

than I've ever seen
in my entire life.

- Dug a huge hole.

- Learned all about
the layers of the Earth.

Crust, mantle, core!

- Dug a huge hole.

- Found the perfect spot
for a new train station.

- Dug a huge hole.

- Got over most of our fears
about going underground.

- And don't forget, we...

all: Dug a huge hole!

- [laughs]
I knew it.

You were all as excited about it
as I was to find out...

all: ♪ What's at the center
of the Earth? ♪

♪ What's at the center
of the Earth? ♪

- Hi, I'm Dr. Scott
the paleontologist.

What do you think these are?

- They're rocks.

- Good guess, but these
are a little different.

They're called minerals.

Rocks are actually
made of minerals.

Most minerals form way down deep

below the surface of the Earth
where it's very hot.

And many minerals
that we find today

were around
before the dinosaurs.

both: Ooh.

- When these shiny minerals
are first discovered,

they're often rough and dirty,

sometimes looking like
broken glass.

[glass shatters,
chimes tinkling]

But once they're carefully
cut and polished,

well, they look...

all: Beautiful.

- So whenever you see
a beautiful, polished mineral

like a diamond or a ruby,
think about how it formed

deep within the earth long ago,

maybe even before the time
of the dinosaurs.

All right, remember,
get outside, get into nature,

and make your own discoveries.

- We love playing games.
- Like All Aboard!

- You can play too online
at pbskids.org.

- And lots of other games!

- There's so much to learn
about all kinds of dinosaurs.


- ♪ The Dinosaur Train
- ♪ Dinosaur Train

- ♪ Dinosaur Train
- ♪ Dinosaur Train

- ♪ Dinosaur Train
- ♪ Dinosaur Train

- ♪ We're gonna ride...
- ♪ Ride, ride, ride, ride

[train whistle toots]
- ♪ The Dinosaur Train
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