♪♪
[ maniacal laughing]
[narrator] We all yearn for a place
to call home...
♪♪
...our very own castle,
intimate and safe.
Today's homes are more wired than ever,
connecting us
and protecting us,
but are all these devices
securing our homes,
or making them more vulnerable,
creating peepholes we never imagined?
Will we ever be able
to draw the curtains again?
♪♪
[Johnson] Home, to me, is
the place where you feel safe.
You don't have to talk a certain way,
dress a certain way,
be a certain type of person.
It's the place where you can
be % yourself.
[narrator] Eight years ago,
Tiffany Johnson bought a home
in Cooper-Young,
a middle-class neighborhood
in the heart of Memphis.
[Johnson] I don't have much,
but this is mine,
and I'm gonna fight for it.
I would dare someone
to try and take it from me.
[James] My dad grew
up in the house here.
And I actually grew up
in this house across the street.
[narrator] This is Aaron James,
an architect whose family's roots
in Cooper-Young
go back more than a century.
This historically hip
enclave has become
a desirable place to live in Memphis,
but as property values have risen here,
so has property crime.
[James] Right over there,
right across the tracks,
is a whole different universe.
[Johnson] You jump across
the railroad tracks,
and you go from being in, you know,
nice kind of middle-class neighborhood
to the hood.
[James] We're just one
little part of the world,
and we're trying to make it
a little safer.
The way that I say it,
semi-tongue-in-cheek,
is I don't want to be years old,
chasing some crackhead
down the sidewalk,
but I simply don't want
to be anywhere else.
This is where I've decided
to make a stand.
[narrator] Tiffany met Aaron
where she's met
many of her neighbors...
online on Nextdoor.
[Johnson] It's basically like
Facebook for your neighborhood.
People can post things that range from,
"I'm putting a mattress
out on my curb,"
to, "There's a creepy dude
looking in people's windows.
Everybody keep an eye out."
Aaron posted about possibly restarting
the neighborhood watch,
and I immediately responded
to him and said,
"Hey, I'm all in.
What can I do to help?"
[narrator] Home invasions are evolving.
Criminals break in,
not just through windows and doors
but through cables and code.
[Clark] I lived in that
house for / years,
so I felt very safe.
I was looking at my Facebook,
and I had a message from a
name that I didn't recognize.
The entire profile
was all different photos
of Heath Ledger as the Joker.
I opened up the message
and saw these photos
of me and my boyfriend sleeping in bed
and was just like,
"Oh, my god. Who saw me sl...
Like, what else did they see?"
[narrator] A three-word message
accompanied the photographs.
_
[Clark] I had no idea how someone
could have gotten those photos.
How did that happen?
[narrator] The photos of Chelsea
Clark and her boyfriend
were taken two nights earlier,
while they were watching a movie.
[Clark] My boyfriend
and I had gone to bed,
getting tired, ready to fall asleep,
watching TV on my computer,
like everyone else.
Everyone has a laptop in their home,
and you don't think of it
because it's such
a commonplace item.
But there's still that potential of it
becoming a window for someone else.
There was a third person
with us in the bedroom
that we had not invited,
and they were watching
and paying attention
to what we were doing,
totally unbeknownst to us.
Who would do this?
♪♪
[Michael] I think there's
an urge within people
to peer on others,
to know what others are doing,
and technology sort of dangles
that forbidden fruit in front of us.
It opens up these new doors,
these new windows.
[narrator] For Michael, the
new window was voyeur p*rn.
[Michael] For the most part,
I only ever looked at normal p*rn,
but sometimes,
you see different categories
that you click on.
And then you look at other stuff.
[narrator] The "other stuff"
had been captured allegedly
by cameras that were hacked or hidden
in bedrooms, closets, bathrooms,
then posted on web forums
that trade in invasions of privacy.
On August , ,
Michael took his curiosity
one step further.
He hosted a party at his home
and hid his smartphone in the bathroom,
setting it to record his female guests.
[Michael] I knew that
it was an invasion
of somebody's privacy
in a setting where they have
every right in the world
to have that privacy.
I'm not sure
why I pushed myself to do that.
[narrator] A camera connected
to the Internet...
a tool of perversion
in the hands of one user,
a tool of protection
for a city besieged by crime.
[reporter] The FBI's labeled Memphis
the third most dangerous city
in the country.
[reporter ] It was another
weekend of v*olence.
[reporter ] Right now,
Memphis is averaging
around four murders a week.
[reporter ] The city's
homicide rate shows
no sign of slowing down,
and many of the K*llers
still roam the streets.
[James] It's just insanity.
It's absolute insanity.
People getting sh*t
right on the street.
[narrator] Outgunned and outmanned,
the Memphis Police
Department has deployed
a sophisticated network of cameras,
called SkyCop.
It can analyze g*nshots,
track suspicious objects,
and every license plate captured can be
instantly cross-referenced
for outstanding warrants,
criminal records, and unpaid tickets.
[computerized voice]
You are trespassing
on private property.
You must leave immediately,
or the police will be called.
You have seconds to comply.
[narrator] SkyCop has been
credited with reducing crime
by as much as % in some areas,
and that success has created
high demand across Memphis.
There's just one problem...
A single SkyCop camera
costs nearly $ , .
[James] There's very few neighborhoods
that can afford
that sort of technology,
especially on any scale
that would be of value.
[narrator] Aaron is proposing
a bold solution...
to construct a do-it-yourself
surveillance network,
controlled not by the police
but by Aaron and his neighbors.
For the cost of one single SkyCop,
we are essentially covering
the entire neighborhood
with off-the-shelf technology.
Roughly % of our criminal activity
is perpetrated by people
outside of the neighborhood,
so the strategy then becomes,
we create a virtual tripwire
around the perimeter.
[narrator] Cameras will stand guard
on porches and eves,
trained on stop signs
and traffic lights,
all of the entry and exit points
in the neighborhood.
[James] As a pedestrian or a vehicle
approaches a stop sign,
the camera automatically records
a -to- -second video.
[Johnson] If a neighbor's
been victimized,
the footage will be able
to identify folks
who don't fit in.
[James] Feels like Christmas.
Ha! got it.
[man] All right.
Right on.
[James] Once we catch two or
three of these criminals,
the word is going to get out.
[narrator] In Cooper-Young,
not everyone shares
Aaron and Tiffany's enthusiasm
about the camera network.
That includes Nick Cantarochi,
a Vietnam veteran
hoping to turn the tide
against the program.
[Cantarochi] I'm a patriot.
I want only the best
for my community, you know.
I don't want to live
under a police state.
How these cameras are going to be used,
when they're going to be used,
and who has access to these feeds,
and how long are they going
to keep the feeds for?
I think we're approaching
George Orwell's worst nightmare,
and we're becoming
more digitized every day.
Some people have lost sight of what...
They don't understand what freedom is.
I mean, Christ almighty!
I don't think some of them
can even spell freedom anymore
'cause they're too busy texting.
[Johnson] Just because
technology is misused
by some people in some instances
doesn't mean that I should shun it
in some symbolic act of indignation
when, in fact, that same technology
could be an advantage to me.
[narrator] For Tiffany, this
isn't an abstract debate.
It's personal.
[Johnson] Security was not always high
on my priority list.
But when I was in law school,
my best friend was m*rder*d
in a home invasion.
I consider James to be a brother.
We went to junior high
and high school together,
and we were very, very close.
At that moment in my life,
I was in a rebellious phase
in terms of technology,
and so when James was sh*t,
my brother was desperately
trying to reach me.
I had a pager at the time,
but I hated the thing,
and it was turned off.
So once I found out,
I realized that he had been alive
[voice breaking] through...
much of those hours when I was, um...
when I had my pager turned off.
I had disconnected, and that was a time
when a connection would have
really been invaluable to me.
[normal voice] That was when
personal security
became real for me, became palpable.
[g*n cocks]
You really only got
two choices in life.
You can either sit idly
as life happens to you,
or you can take
a more proactive approach
and make decisions
that shape your own life,
which is all the camera program is.
[indistinct talking]
[narrator] Tonight, Tiffany's neighbors
will have the opportunity
to make their own decision
at a community meeting
to address concerns
about the camera program.
[James] I know a lot of times,
when people just hear the word camera,
they automatically think the worst.
They automatically think Big Brother
where it's a whole wall
full of monitors.
That has absolutely nothing to do
with our camera program, okay?
My house was burglarized twice
and my car once.
There are clearly people
monitoring our behavior...
- Oh, absolutely.
- ...in the interest
of robbing us,
and if we don't monitor theirs,
we're idiots.
[James] Right on. Thank you so much.
If, for any reason,
we just so happen to see
something unrelated,
somebody not picking up their dog poop,
we could care less.
[Cantarochi] What happens
to this material?
Does it get bulked?
Does it go into a central...
_
It gets written over.
You know this for a fact?
Okay.
It's important that this stuff
does not end up
being compiled into a central point.
Never. Never.
No one is ever going to be
monitoring the cameras.
[Cantarochi] I like Aaron.
He's a good guy.
I think he has the community's
interest at heart,
but there's a possibility that,
down the line,
these cameras could be used
so something else than stopping crime.
The road to hell is paved
with good intentions, right?
[narrator] In Toronto,
Chelsea was confronting
a very different
kind of camera program.
Something or someone
had infected her computer
and turned it into a peephole.
[Clark] I was put in
touch with a few people
who work as hackers
or who have insight
into this community,
and I sent a few of them the photos
to see if they were able to trace it.
I wanted some peace of mind
or some understanding.
I didn't see any other recourse.
[narrator] According to her contacts,
Chelsea's laptop
was infected by a RAT...
a remote access Trojan,
malicious code that hijacks
computers and smartphones
and takes control.
Hackers who deploy RATs
are called "RATters,"
and their targets are called "slaves."
Any camera that's
connected to the Internet
is vulnerable...
and there are cameras
watching us everywhere...
At coffee shops...
on the streets...
in our homes...
more cameras, more windows,
more peeping Toms.
And some of them do more than peep.
_
_
_
Sausarge is the alias
for a camera troll.
He doesn't just peer
into people's lives.
He enters their conversations.
But it's not hacking...
as he sees it.
[man] [distorted voice] People
think that I'm some sort
of glamour hacker
when all I'm doing is clicking a link.
I just scroll down the list and wait
until I see a camera
in an office or a living room.
You just click it,
and you're connected to their camera.
[narrator] Sausarge locates
his targets through Shodan,
a website some call
the scariest search engine
on the Internet.
It was intended as a tool
for admins and developers
to scan the growing Internet of Things.
Instead, it's exposed
a vast Internet of threats...
millions of unsecured devices,
from lightbulbs to power plants.
IP cameras are the tip of an iceberg.
_
_
[man] [distorted voice]
I've got to admit,
the primary reason is
for a bit of a giggle.
Hello.
[speaks indistinctly]
Ghost!
It's basically like a prank phone call.
I do have some sort
of morals and standards.
If I'm given the chance,
I will tell them
how to password their camera.
_
_
_
_
_
[man] Nope.
- Bye.
- Later.
[distorted voice]
I have seen some weird cameras
in people's bathrooms.
I have no idea
what they're trying to secure.
I get the impression
someone set up those cameras
to spy on people themselves,
which is pretty creepy.
[Michael] At some point,
somebody did use the restroom,
and they could see
the iris of the camera on the phone,
so they knew that it was in there.
[narrator] Michael got busted,
and on July , ,
he was convicted of one count
of invasion of privacy.
Because of new state laws,
his offense was labeled a sex crime
and Michael an SVP.
_
I am now lumped in
with the worst of the worst
types of sex offender...
the child molesters, the rapists.
I'm looked at in the same way.
You have to give the state police
your e-mail address,
whatever passwords they want,
any social media,
the vehicle you drive,
license plate number,
who owns it.
Every single aspect about your life
is given to the state police,
and they will use that
to keep an eye on you.
[narrator] And there are
GPS-enabled smartphone apps
that allow everyone
to keep an eye on offenders,
like Michael.
Wherever he goes, his records follow.
[Michael] I was charged
with invasion of privacy.
The irony now is,
for the rest of my life,
I don't have any privacy.
[beeps]
The guilt of what I did
will live with me
for the rest of my life.
It was wrong.
It was horribly wrong.
Now I'm sort of living in this window
where everybody can view
me at any point in time.
I constantly feel
like I'm on public display
in the world's worst freak show.
I live in digital hell.
[drill whirring]
[James] Okay, We have a camera mounted.
[narrator] With the support
of most of his neighbors
and a $ , grant
from the city of Memphis,
Aaron's controversial camera program
is finally coming to life
in Cooper-Young.
Tiffany's home will host
the first of cameras
that will form the neighborhood's
digital perimeter.
To ensure that community members
don't abuse this technology,
they've created a series of bylaws
to keep the program honest.
Rule number one...
The cameras are never monitored.
[Johnson] If nothing happens,
no one ever sees
what's on these cameras,
and the footage is
constantly rewritten.
[narrator] Rule number two...
The footage is only pulled
when a neighbor reports
a crime to the police.
[Johnson] A neighbor can't say,
"Hey, I think my husband
was cheating on me.
Can you check the cameras
from : yesterday morning
and see if somebody
pulled in my driveway?"
No.
[narrator] Rule number three...
If the cameras capture a suspect,
the footage is immediately
handed over to the authorities.
[James] We will never upload
videos of any individual
who simply appears to be
acting suspiciously.
We have to stay as far away
from the concept
of vigilantism as possible.
[narrator] Aaron also claims to
have hack-proofed the system
against invaders
like RATters and camera trolls.
Each camera has its own router
that can only be accessed
from within feet.
[James] The way that we currently have
this camera program set up,
I don't see any reason for concern.
[narrator] Chelsea Clark
has reason for concern.
Her hacker friends
never located her RATter.
There's no way of knowing
if he lived , miles away
or just houses up the street.
[Clark] I find it a very
unnerving thought that
you're not necessarily alone
in your home,
but we're not going
to regress to the point
where no one's using
this technology anymore.
You just kind of have
to live with the idea
that this is just
the darker side of it.
The entirety of my security now
is a Band-Aid
over the camera on my computer.
I don't know what to do
about the microphone,
but we literally got a Band-Aid
fix over the whole thing.
[narrator] Almost a year after
the cameras were installed,
it's a brave new world in Cooper-Young.
According to Aaron James,
home burglaries are way down.
Now other Memphis neighborhoods
are looking to Cooper-Young
and Aaron for tech support.
[James] If we only do it
in Cooper-Young,
we haven't accomplished a single thing.
We have to share that
with the entire city.
We have to let the criminals know
that they are being watched.
[Johnson] At the end of the day,
humanity needs technology,
and as long as we are careful
in how we manage that relationship,
I think it's beneficial.
What would be going too
far, in my opinion,
is if we started doing
precisely the things
that we vowed not to do.
[James] What we've discovered
in the course
of reviewing footage is that,
every single night of the week,
we have what we're
referring to as lurkers,
and that's people
who are just out and about.
This particular suspect
fits that criteria to a "T."
Here it is. It's : at night.
He's just sort of lurking along.
He's obviously not just walking
from point A to point B.
I don't recognize the guy.
We're going to post
that video on Nextdoor,
asking our neighbors
to identify this person.
That's the very next step
in the evolution of this program.
We have to send the cockroaches
back into the crevasses
to where the people who want to live
in those neighborhoods
can do so in peace
without f*cking getting sh*t at.
We have to be a g*ng.
We have to fight
just like the gangs fight.
[train whistle blares]
[narrator] Our homes
may be more vulnerable
than ever before,
but is it the network we need to fear...
or each other?
[Johnson] We're just sort
of peering over the edge
between being a user
and being used.
[ maniacal laughing]
02x06 - My Home
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"Dark Net" explores murky corners of the Internet using examples of unsettling digital phenomena to ponder larger questions, like whether and how the digital age might be changing us as a species.
"Dark Net" explores murky corners of the Internet using examples of unsettling digital phenomena to ponder larger questions, like whether and how the digital age might be changing us as a species.