Apollo 13: Survival (2024)

[bunniefuu]

And, 13,

we're ready on the TV when you are.

Okay, I'm lookin' out

the right window now,

and not too far off in the distance,

you can see the objective.

It's actually beginning to look

a little bigger now.

Okay.

We're getting a good, uh, picture

of your destination there.

We might, uh,

give you a quick shot

of our entertainment

on board the spacecraft.

This little tape recorder

has been a big benefit

in passing some of the time away

in our transit out to the moon

while it's playing the theme from 2001.

This is the crew of Apollo 13

wishing everyone in there

a nice evening and, uh, good night.

Houston, we've had a problem.

The Apollo 13 spacecraft

has suffered a major electrical failure.

Jim Lovell radioed,

"Houston, we've had a problem."

- ...a situation.

- ...hearing a loud bang...

...emergency...

At this moment at Cape Kennedy,

the Americans are getting ready

to go to the moon again.

Apollo 13,

which is the fifth lunar flight,

and it's going to be the third landing.

Three young Americans.

The commander of the flight's a man

we've often seen before, Jim Lovell,

a man who's got four kids

and who's making his fourth space flight.

Lovell's easygoing manner

has always been a delight

to his coworkers,

who quickly tire of prima-donna pilots.

Fred Haise, from Mississippi,

was a high-school journalist

who once wanted to be a sports reporter.

As lunar-module pilot,

he'll travel to the lunar surface

with Commander Lovell.

Ken Mattingly, who finished

at the top of his test-pilot class,

he's been almost fearfully dedicated

to his work,

even by astronaut standards.

Flying has been his life,

all he has wanted

since he was about three.

A lot of people have asked

just why are we going to the moon?

What's your personal answer

to a question like that?

The main mission objective

of Apollo 13 is a continuing one.

We hope to find out a lot

about the origin of the moon

and from that, the origin

of our own planet, the Earth.

13 is targeted to land

in a far different area

than Apollos 11 and 12.

This one will land in a hilly region

in the very mountains of the moon,

which makes the flight more risky.

Some of us think

space travel is, in a sense,

a search for another Eden.

Man has despoiled the place where he is

and that perhaps he ought now

to set out to find another place.

There's something about the power

of rockets that fascinates people.

And it was a fascination to me,

long before there was a NASA

or anything like that.

Welcome from the moon, uh, Houston.

I was on the very

first flight to the moon on Apollo 8

at Christmastime, '68.

Merry Christmas up there, Jim.

We were so curious, so excited,

like three schoolkids

looking into a candy store window,

watching those ancient old craters go by

from 60 miles above the surface.

But we were not able to land.

Please be informed

there is a Santa Claus.

You're the best ones to know.

Jim Lovell intends

to sight a peak

which has been unnamed so far,

and when he does,

he's going to name it Mount Marilyn.

How did you feel

during lunar orbit?

I was apprehensive.

I have to admit that.

I wouldn't be normal if I didn't admit it.

- How'd you feel when they came out?

- I was elated.

There really is a Santa Claus.

My husband said it,

and it sounded marvelous,

and I am so proud of him.

I then was a backup

to Neil Armstrong on Apollo 11.

One small step for man.

One giant leap for mankind.

I really wanted

to do the same thing.

I'm ready.

Jim, I'm wondering at this point

just how your wife

and your children feel about all this.

My wife knows I'm not planning

on doing any more flights.

She has sort of been a space widow here

for, uh, the last six or seven years,

but I really, uh...

still look forward to flying.

It seems to...

You'd be able to get away from everything.

You leave all your, you know...

- Kids!

- Leave all the kids below.

Um... But you do,

you get a chance to get up,

and you see things

in a more truer perspective.

And a space flight, to me,

is about the same way.

I really wasn't all for him flying again,

but I never did say anything

to him about it, of course.

Um... You have to beat the odds.

He was the first one to go back

to the moon for the second time,

and I was quite apprehensive about it all.

Nothing in the world prepared me

for being an astronaut's wife.

It was like being thrown

into a goldfish bowl.

Ticker-tape parades

for all these different cities.

There was the White House.

Mr. President,

may I present the Lovell family.

Mr. James Lovell Junior.

I mean, it was really

quite a celebration after Apollo 8.

But it was a risky flight.

I didn't know at the time

there was only a 50-50 chance

they were going to come back.

A 50-50 chance.

You can't just say this to yourself,

"They're not going to come back."

I've always been asked that question,

what is it like to be

an astronaut's daughter?

It always amazes me that anyone

would think it would be any different

other than just the daughter of my father.

My parents really brought us up

to, um, feel like

he might be going to the moon,

but it would be just like

anybody else's father

who was getting dressed

to go to the office.

Jim, after four flights,

can a man who's done

all you've done find normalcy?

I sure hope so.

I'm gonna give it a try after this one.

We were very excited

about Jim walkin' on the moon.

But why 13?

Somebody had phoned me

that Marilyn was a little concerned

about launching Apollo 13

at 13:13 Central Time.

Uh...

It's rather typical

in the brave new world of space flight

to defy an old superstition

and don't worry about the number 13,

particularly in a country

which often leaves number 13 out

in things like the numbering

of floors of buildings

and the seats in aircraft.

Jim Lovell, the commander,

is anything but superstitious.

Fred Haise said he wished

they could launch on a Friday the 13th.

Ken, are you superstitious

about Apollo 13?

No, I'm... I'm very happy about it.

The flight of Apollo 13

has a giant question mark tonight.

Doctors confirmed beyond doubt

that astronaut Mattingly has been

exposed to the German measles.

This leaves two alternatives.

Postpone the flight at a cost

of several hundred thousand dollars

or substitute backup crewman

John Swigert Junior

for Mattingly as command-module pilot.

Lovell's worked with Mattingly

quite intimately here for a year.

Isn't he likely to feel,

"Oh heck, let's wait a month

and let Mattingly get the flight too"?

This is the... the... the tremendous task

the command...

the commander of the mission has,

is to reflect those personal feelings

against the cost to delay

this mission another month.

We had already slipped the flight

once from March to April.

My philosophy is

never miss the chance.

We had to let Ken go.

Today,

three more Americans rocket into space

on probably the most dangerous

Apollo mission to date

and certainly already unique

since one of the astronauts didn't know

for sure he was going until yesterday.

A new member of the crew,

Jack Swigert, delivered papers

to earn money for his flying lessons.

It came so fast he didn't even have time

to call his family back in Denver.

The weight of the country

riding on your mission,

you don't want to let anybody down.

This is

Apollo Saturn Launch Control.

T minus 3 hours, 7 minutes,

26 seconds and counting.

Just a few minutes ago,

Ken Mattingly arrived in Mission Control.

Ken will be assisting at the console.

Sorry to see you here, Ken.

The adrenaline in the control room

was building up.

You could feel it. It was palpable.

Quarterback of the team

is the flight director.

A flight director's given a team

of between 15 and 21 controllers.

People that figure out

how to get us to where we wanna go

and how to get us back to Earth

to a safe landing point.

We've seen the, uh, triumphs.

We've seen the loss of crew.

This is where the business end

of space flight is put together.

These are three-stage vehicles.

Big engines that get you off

of the surface of the Earth.

The second stage,

and that can get you up into Earth orbit.

Third stage, where you can get off

on the way to the moon.

You look up and feel butterflies.

This is real.

I mean, this is really gonna happen.

This is

Apollo Saturn Launch Control.

We're at T minus 25 minutes and counting.

T minus 25 minutes.

All along I had planned on

not going to the launch,

and I was finding every excuse possible.

Well, at the last minute,

I decided I couldn't stand the thought

of not seeing him again,

and I had to bring the children down

and say goodbye.

I grew up with friends whose fathers

had been in accidents or had been k*lled

and so always had that fear

in watching them take off,

and I'd always have this kind of...

this pit in my stomach.

The launch sequence has started.

Fifty-six seconds,

and Apollo 13 continues to be go.

Inside, there's not much you can do.

If we had a problem,

have to throw the abort handle,

and it'd fire the escape rocket.

You could hear the valves open up

and the fuel start to rumble down

these big manifolds.

Thirteen, twelve,

eleven, ten, nine, eight...

Ignition sequence has started.

...six, five, four, three, two, one, zero.

The clock is running.

We have commit,

and we have liftoff at 2:13.

We were as close as... as anyone could be.

The Earth just shook.

This is Mission Control,

Houston.

We appear to have a good first stage

at this point.

Roll complete, and we're pitching.

Altitude, 1.2 miles.

Velocity, 1,500 feet per second.

13, Houston, go at one.

We show the cabin relieving.

Thirteen hundred.

And at one minute, ten seconds,

we show an altitude of 4.1 nautical miles.

Altitude now 17 miles,

coming up on staging.

Go for staging.

Go for staging. Roger.

Inboard.

Inboard.

Jim Lovell just reported

the inboard engine on the second stage

has shut down early.

Flight confirmed.

Number five engine down.

And we heard that

the center engine of the five went out,

and they are now continuing

on only four out of the five engines.

Houston,

what's the story on engine five?

We don't have a story

on why the inboard out was early.

Booster, you don't see

any problem with that, do you?

No.

Negative.

All the other engines are go.

The other engines are go.

You're lookin' good.

They've been told

they can go on up on those four engines.

A little bit longer to get there.

At this point, almost up into orbit.

Nothin' like an interesting launch.

Almost every flight,

something goes wrong.

I told the guys, "That's our crisis."

"We're on our way."

During launch, a medic reports

the following maximum heart rates

for the three crewmen.

Commander Jim Lovell

had a maximum heart rate of 116,

Jack Swigert

had a maximum heart rate of 102,

and Fred Haise

also had a maximum heart rate of 102.

I tell ya,

it's sure an interesting ride.

Look at that.

It really is zero G.

Apollo 13, Houston,

your preliminary orbit down here

is lookin' good.

Roger, Houston,

and it looks good to be up here again.

One of the most fascinating parts

of space flight

is the observation of the Earth.

Things get a lot smaller.

The countries look smaller,

and the problems everybody has

appear to be smaller.

It's a very... tranquilizing effect

to sit up there and notice large countries

just pass by so serenely.

It's hard to imagine

why people cannot live more peacefully

with one another.

After the astronauts

have checked all the systems,

the instrument unit,

helped by messages from the computers

in Mission Control in Houston,

tells the third stage to fire again.

And Apollo is on its way to the moon.

The crew quarters of the spacecraft,

the living and working area,

is the command module.

This is the only part

that returns from the moon.

Now, the Apollo spacecraft itself

has a service module,

which houses the tanks

of breathing oxygen,

electronic equipment,

a power supply, and drinking water.

The spacecraft separates

from the third stage,

does a U-turn...

comes back...

docks with the lunar module,

which will carry two astronauts

to the surface of the moon.

- We're hard docked, Houston.

- Very nice.

And that's the way

the two ships go to the moon.

We show Apollo 13

to be 24,916 nautical miles from Earth.

You know,

we went to watch the take-off,

got back home.

They put little boxes into our home.

They were called squawk boxes.

You could hear

everything that was going on.

We'd like to hear what the news is.

Okay, let's see.

The Beatles have announced

they will no longer perform as a group.

Things had been going smoothly.

You know, it was just another one.

It was his fourth mission.

I had one squawk box in each room.

I had them on all the time.

Even when I went to bed, I had them on.

Now Fred's engaged

in his favorite pastime.

He's rigging his hammock.

It's kinda difficult

getting into a hammock.

I'm not sure if I keep

floating away from it

or it keeps moving away from me.

We're all going to bed now.

Okay, Jim. Good night.

When we were young, we would sit

on the roof of the building I lived in.

Jim would point

the different stars out to me,

and he said, "Just think

that someday, a man might go."

I mean, here he's predicting this in 1952.

Just amazing.

Jim Lovell, he grew up in Milwaukee.

He married his high-school sweetheart,

Marilyn Gerlach.

They have two boys and two girls.

We met in high school.

That was back in the early '40s.

His father was deceased

when Jim was 12 years old.

And, uh... he lived in

this one-room apartment with his mother.

He slept on the couch,

but that's all she could afford

with this little apartment.

He came one day and asked me

if I would do him a favor.

I said, "What?" And he said,

"Would you go to prom with me?"

And I said, "I don't know.

I don't know how to dance."

And he said, "Well, I'll teach you."

When we decided to get married,

I really didn't know

he was going into test piloting.

I knew he always wanted to be a pilot.

And then, before I knew it,

he decided to fly jets,

and I went along with it.

In 1962, he was one of nine men

out of over 200 to survive

the intensive screening

and become a member

of the second group of astronauts.

We were 32 guinea pigs

walking into the door

not knowing what the heck

was gonna hit us.

It was perhaps the worst physical

I have ever had in my life.

Many of the people looked at it and said,

"Hey," you know, "This is a crazy thing."

A rocket was blowing up

almost every other day down at the Cape.

Uh... I lost a lotta friends.

You're always going to a funeral

or something.

Those days were tough on all of us gals.

I think there are few people

that actually thought

we were gonna land on the moon

by the end of the decade.

The w*r in Vietnam ground on.

It was a rather bad time

for the country.

With riots and assassinations...

Dr. Martin Luther King has been

shot to death in Memphis, Tennessee.

...and a w*r going on.

We find ourselves

rich in goods but ragged in spirit,

reaching with magnificent precision

for the moon,

but falling into raucous discord on Earth.

I felt I was part of a thing

that finally gave an uplift

to the American people.

The rewards

far overshadow the risks.

Jim, you've been through

more flights than anybody.

Have you ever known fear?

I think that someone who says

they haven't are only kidding themselves.

The Apollo spacecraft

and the three men onboard

are well on their way

to disproving all those theories

about jinxes and the number 13.

Apollo 13, which was launched

at 13 minutes after the hour on Saturday,

is spending

a most uneventful April 13th in space.

In previous flights,

the press room in Houston

was jammed with something

like 2,500 correspondents,

but for this flight,

only about 500 showed up.

Probably because, by this time,

walking on the moon

had become almost routine.

Apollo Control Houston

standing by now

for television transmission.

We all went to Mission Control

to listen to the men.

It just felt reassuring

seeing Jim at this point.

Okay, you're on Candid Camera.

What we plan to do for you today

is take you on through from Odyssey

into Aquarius, the landing vehicle.

I find myself now standing

with my head on the floor

when I get down inside the LM.

This strange-looking bird,

the LM, how does it work?

Well, this is the spacecraft that's used

to take men down to the lunar surface.

And two of the three astronauts

enter the LM by crawling in

through this tunnel.

They detach from

the command and service modules,

and they descend to the lunar surface.

Okay, I'm lookin' out

the, uh, right window now,

and, uh, not too far off in the distance,

you can see the objective,

and it's actually beginning

to look a little bigger now.

This little tape recorder

has been a big benefit

in passing some of the time away

on our transit out to the moon.

This is the crew of Apollo 13

wishing everybody there

a nice evening and, uh, good night.

Everything continues

to go well aboard Apollo 13.

We'd like to check C-4 thruster.

Okay, Jack, the battery charge

has been terminated on battery B.

We have a very detailed

pre-sleep checklist we go through.

Roger. We see it, Jack.

We're getting ready

to close it out.

13, we've got one more item

for you when you get a chance.

We'd like you to, uh,

stir up your cryo tanks.

Okay, Houston,

we've had a problem here.

This is Houston.

Say again, please.

Uh, Houston, we've had a problem.

We've had a main B bus undervolt.

Okay, stand by, 13.

We're looking at it.

The crew has reported

that the main B shows an undervoltage.

...had a spark there.

The recorded heart rates,

I can't believe one of 'em.

Looks like 189.

Really?

They sure jumped up

when that happened.

Our first thoughts were,

we might have been hit by a meteorite.

We had a pretty large bang

associated with

the Caution and Warning there.

And our O2 number-two tank

is reading zero. Did you get that?

That can't be.

I don't understand. I don't...

You don't believe

that O2 tank one pressure?

No, no.

I mean, that data doesn't make sense.

We still don't have

the slightest clue what's going on.

Is there any leads

we can give 'em?

Are we lookin' at instrumentation,

or we got a real problem or what?

Uh, Houston? It looks to me,

lookin' out the hatch,

that we are venting something.

We are... We are venting something

out into the, uh... into space.

It's a gas of some sort.

Jesus Christ.

Here is a special report

on Apollo 13.

The Apollo 13 spacecraft

has suffered a major electrical failure.

Jim Lovell and Fred Haise

reported hearing a loud bang.

They also reported seeing fuel,

apparently oxygen and nitrogen,

leaking from the spacecraft,

and reportedly gauges

for those gases were reading zero.

At that point, we said,

"Hey, this vehicle is dying."

"Very shortly,

we'll be completely out of oxygen."

- Houston, are you still readin'?

- Affirmative. We're readin' you.

Tryin' to come up with some good ideas

here for you.

I wanna use the cryo

as much as possible.

Assuming you'd want

fastest possible return.

...we have no choice

but to do it.

The pressure continues to drop.

Okay, now,

let's everybody keep cool.

Let's solve the problem,

but let's not make it any worse

by guessin'.

We're in deep sh*t.

We're about 200,000 miles from Earth,

about 50,000 miles

from the surface of the moon.

We've come to the conclusion

that we had some type of an expl*si*n

on board the spacecraft.

Two of our fuel cells are offline,

and these are

our principal power-generation systems.

Our final fuel cell is dying.

Uh, Flight,

less than two hours now.

That's the end right there.

Uh...

Two of three fuel cells shut down.

We're not going to the moon anymore.

Apollo 13 is now two-thirds

of the way to the moon,

200,000 miles from Earth

at a point where, even in an emergency,

it is more efficient

to swing around the moon and return

rather than try an immediate abort.

Our job now

is to start an orderly evacuation

from the command module

into the lunar module.

Okay, all flight controllers,

I want you to get some guys

figuring out minimum power

in the LM to sustain life.

It's pretty hairy.

This is Colonel Stafford

standing by for the Vice President.

Hello, Mr. Vice President, sir.

How bad is it?

We're activating

the lunar module as a lifeboat, basically,

and thank God that we have it onboard.

Yeah, you said it.

It will supply water, oxygen,

and it will supply electrical power.

We wanna get

the command module down shortly.

So it's a pretty critical situation,

but we're working like mad on it.

A frantic scene we're seeing,

a scene of deep concentration

in Mission Control in Houston.

And astronauts Jim Lovell, Fred Haise

have now made their way

to their Aquarius lunar module,

so they can have its electrical power

and its oxygen to save their lives.

Activation 20.

"Power up" is a simple term,

but it's not like

a light switch in your house.

We'd never powered up a lunar module

in these kinda circumstances,

and we'd never, ever considered

shutting a command module completely off.

- Flight, EECOM.

- Go ahead.

Okay, we've got

an update on the time.

Looks like we've got about 15 minutes.

CAPCOM,

we're gonna be out of power in 15 minutes.

The crew got 15 minutes

to get the lunar module powered up.

It's gonna take

about 20 minutes to do that procedure.

We don't have much time.

Fred, we figure we've got

about 15 minutes' worth of power left

in the command module.

Uh, thank you, Jack.

Fred Haise,

still powering up the lunar module.

Forward Omni. Okay, slow down!

The astronauts

are getting rather harried.

One saying, "Let's take it easy

while we get this problem worked out."

...circuit breaker...

Okay, 13,

you're both talkin' at once.

One at a time please.

But what is most important,

he has to transfer the navigation data

from the command-module computer,

which is dying,

over into the lunar module computer.

Okay, I want you

to double-check my arithmetic.

Three or four minutes, Flight.

Three or four minutes.

And this data transfer

has to be absolutely perfect.

I was so afraid of putting

the wrong numbers in.

Three-five-six, six-nine.

One-six-three, four-two.

Aquarius is three-oh-two, two-six.

Three-four-five, nine-two.

Zero-one-one, seven-nine. Over.

- How's the arithmetic?

- Stand by. We're checking.

Aquarius,

your arithmetic looks good.

We're getting good LM data.

Well, we're still alive.

We're still sitting there breathin'.

Houston, Aquarius.

Go ahead, Aquarius.

Okay,

Odyssey is completely powered down now.

That's where we wanna be, Jim.

We were suckin' air.

We'd picked the path,

and it was only some time downstream

that we would know that the path

we'd picked was the correct one.

We were truly in a survival situation.

The greatest drama yet in space.

After a mysterious accident last night,

Apollo 13 still is speeding

toward the moon,

but the mission

has been drastically changed.

No longer is it going to put

the astronauts down on the moon's surface.

Instead, the mission, simply

to get the astronauts safely home.

How are you today?

I'm fine, thank you, today.

- Hello?

- Hello, Marilyn. It's Ken.

Hi, listen, uh, Ken,

I'm naturally concerned.

How are things looking this morning?

My kids aren't up yet.

They don't even know what's going on

because they went to sleep

before all this came up last night.

I was wondering what I could tell 'em.

They're now

on a free-return trajectory.

I don't know if that happened

before you went to bed.

I didn't go to bed until

I think it was 4:00, and I got up at 5:00,

so I really haven't had much sleep.

You listen to the TV, and you just...

can't believe everything they say.

It's only by a very narrow margin

that we're going to get

Lovell, Haise, and Swigert back alive.

I'd just come in from

watching Jim over at the space center.

The accident actually occurred

from the time I left NASA

until I got back to my house.

We saw the television reviews

on what was going on.

There was so much debris

from the expl*si*n

still swirling around their spacecraft

that they had trouble taking

star sights to align themselves...

There was only a 10% chance

that he would come back.

I just had

to get away from everyone.

I mean, every room in my house

was full of people,

and the only place I could get to myself

was my bathroom.

And I literally got down on my knees

and prayed.

How critical is this situation right now,

in your opinion?

Well, uh...

I think it is as critical,

perhaps, probably,

the most critical situation we've faced

so far in a manned space-flight program,

uh, in flight.

Are the astronauts safe?

Well, uh... they're...

They're safe in the sense that, uh...

we have the situation stabilized now,

we think.

Uh...

And we have to continue

to keep the situation that way,

uh... and bring 'em on home.

You can sense trouble in this room.

Okay, everybody, look,

we got a number of long-range problems,

lifeboat problems now

associated with the LM.

Discussions

here in the control room

have to do with, uh, consumables

in the spacecraft.

Electrical power, water...

We had two days of consumables,

oxygen, water, and electrical power,

but it would take us four days

to get the crew back home.

We gotta figure out how to turn

the lifeboat into a survival vehicle.

We knew we were in deep, deep trouble.

The lunar module was only designed

to support two people.

We had three people,

and we were at least 90 hours from home.

Aquarius, Houston.

How do you read?

Okay, you're loud and clear there.

Roger. Same here.

We're still discussing the next move.

Let's make it a good one.

We have learned that a group

of astronauts are working in a simulator

here at the Manned Spacecraft Center,

trying to duplicate the conditions

of the men out in space.

The backup crew,

including Ken Mattingly,

the man who didn't go,

spent much of the night

trying out various suggestions.

CAPCOM, Flight.

As we, uh, approached the moon,

we had to make a fundamental decision

on how fast

we wanted to get back to Earth.

We would have to improvise ways

to stretch our power, water.

We're gonna have to come up

with an answer in hours and days

in what normally takes months and years.

We're gonna be outside all known design

and test boundaries of the spacecraft.

This is Apollo Control.

A decision has been made to perform

the descent-propulsion-system burn.

The current thinking is to use

the lunar-module

descent-propulsion system,

the big engine of the LM,

to propel the entire spacecraft stack

to a higher velocity

as they go around behind the moon

to come back to Earth a day earlier.

Which will see them rounding the moon

at about 9:00 p.m.

Eastern Standard Time tonight,

and then a burn will be done to speed up

their return toward the Earth.

By putting an extra little burst

into the system, you cut off a day,

and that day may be, literally,

a life-and-death matter.

Hello. What a nightmare.

Well, the plan right now

is to take about an 800-foot burn here.

Yeah.

So, uh, you all keep me posted, okay?

Uh... My mother just did not want me

to know what was going on,

and, um, I remember going to school.

Everybody was coming up to me,

all these kids.

You know, "Are they gonna come back?

Are they gonna come back?"

A boy came up to me,

and he said, "I am so sorry

that your father's going to die."

I had to leave. I had to go home.

I couldn't stay at school.

All of my mother's good friends

were all downstairs,

around our coffee table,

and Father Raish

from our church was there.

He was administering communion.

And, um... I ran past all these women,

slammed the door, and ran out,

and my mother came out after me.

She was crying, and she said to me, um,

"They are going to figure out

how to get back."

"Between them and Mission Control,

they will figure out a way to get back."

We must be getting

pretty close to the moon.

Apollo 13

now 421 nautical miles above the moon.

Uh, Houston?

Go ahead, Aquarius.

We're in the shadow of the moon now.

The sun is just about set,

as far as I can see,

and the stars are all comin' out.

Man, look at those stars.

I don't think people realize

that, uh,

there is no night out in space.

It's daylight 24 hours a day,

simply because there's nothing

to come between you and the sun.

The first time you see night again

is when you go

into the shadow of the moon.

And I think that the darkness there,

after three days of sunlight,

uh, makes the stars, uh...

exceedingly brilliant.

Good evening, everybody.

In the bleak, black silence of space,

a real cliff-hanger.

The crippled Apollo 13 spacecraft

swinging around the moon,

attempting to limp home as best it can.

Water, oxygen, and power

all happen to be in short supply

with nearly three days yet to go.

We show one hour,

seven minutes away from time of burn.

We were saying,

"Wow, look at that. Look at that."

The ruggedness.

Really chewed up.

A very, uh... unfriendly,

bizarre-lookin' place,

unlike anything, you know, we look at

as a place we'd wanna be.

I can even see Mount Marilyn

from here.

Bein' out there,

you saw the Earth as it truly is.

Just a small planet.

It was very beautiful.

If you hold up your thumb at arm's length,

you could blot it out completely.

And you begin to think,

"Hey, everything that I know,

my family and my friends,

it's all down there on that little thing."

You take your thumb away,

and you say, "I've gotta get back there."

Let's get the cameras

squared away.

Let's get all set to burn.

We got one chance now.

Our countdown clock

shows 49 minutes from time of burn.

The world press

almost was caught napping

during the recent crisis aboard Apollo 13.

But then, suddenly, things changed.

Now the story is being heard

in every language.

One reporter actually missed the crisis,

and on Monday afternoon he got tired

of covering a routine space flight,

so he left and went to Mexico

for a brief vacation.

He came back,

walked into the press room, and asked,

"Did I miss anything?"

Peter, pass me the model, mate.

- That model.

- Thirty-seven!

Right, take four!

And at the moment, from Apollo 13,

temporary silence as the crew get on

with concentrating on

some of their final preparations

for the burn that will bring them back...

back home to Earth.

First of all, the only engine

that is working is that one there.

The lunar-module descent engine.

The LM's descent-engine system

that should've landed them on the moon

is being utilized to speed up the return

to guarantee that they don't run out

of electrical power.

The thing

we have to be cautious about

is that they have not ever planned

to use these systems

to do these maneuvers.

If the engine shuts down

for some reason during the burn...

Everybody feels

that it will work.

We have these two spacecrafts

that weren't meant to be bolted together

and flown this way.

The result, if successful,

a vital improvement

in that narrow margin of safety.

I believe

that the go/no-go decision is due

any second now

from Flight Director Gene Kranz.

All flight controllers,

I'm comin' around the horn.

Go/no-go for the burn.

- RETRO?

- Go, Flight.

- GUIDO?

- Go.

- Guidance?

- Go.

- Control?

- Go.

- TELMU?

- Go.

Okay.

CAPCOM, we're go for the burn.

Com, the computer's his.

Ten seconds to go.

Aquarius, Houston. Over.

Go ahead, Houston.

Jim, you are go

for the burn. Go for the burn.

Roger. Understand. Go for the burn.

We were down to our last engine.

If this thing doesn't work,

we're in real trouble.

- We have ignition.

- Rodge.

Engines on.

We're burning 40%.

Is it stable, Control?

- Looks good now.

- Roger.

100%.

- Roger.

- Throttle up at 100%.

Coming up on three minutes

into the burn.

How you lookin', Guidance?

That TCP's a little bit high.

Hot engine.

Watch it real close.

CAPCOM, reminder, descent reg 1 off.

Descent reg 1 off, sir.

Ten seconds to go.

Shutdown.

I'd say

that was a good burn. Good burn, Aquarius.

Commander Jim Lovell

reporting shutdown.

Engine is off. We're at 79 hours,

32 minutes into the flight.

Well,

that was a pretty successful burn.

I must say, I was very impressed

by the coolness of the whole procedure,

particularly from Mission Control

and also from the spacecraft as well.

Good burn, Aquarius.

Roger. Now we wanna power down

as soon as possible.

Roger. Understand.

Lovell asking there

if he can turn off most of the instruments

as soon as possible, in order to conserve

that vital electrical power.

After the burn was over,

we knew we were in the ballpark

for getting the crew back home,

but we didn't know for sure.

The target level

during the power-down

is to keep it to at least 14 amps.

A couple of lightbulbs' worth of power.

We've got a lot of trade-offs

to make here.

Turn the fans and heaters off.

It was quiet. It was, uh... a time

when you really started to think.

Very tough moment.

Second time I had been to the moon

and, uh, so close.

This was the last chance

that, uh... that I'd have to be up here.

So the moon-landing portion

of the Apollo 13 mission

cancelled, scrubbed, and forgotten.

The plan will be to keep the power down.

They'll simply drift in flight

until Friday morning.

Apollo 13

is still walking a tightrope

far out in space.

Here at the Command Spacecraft Center

today,

they took one whole shift

of flight controllers

out of Mission Control

and set them to thinking up ways

to get around the problems still ahead.

One of these problems

involves the air they breathe.

The crew was suffocating.

Their breathing had poisoned

the atmosphere in the spacecraft

with carbon dioxide.

They have set up a jury-rigged system

of cleaning the air of carbon monoxide.

Uh, we recommend

that you either use a wet wipe,

or cut off a piece of a sock

and stuff it in there,

or you can probably even crumple up

some tape and use that. Over.

While this is working,

no one is certain it will go on working.

Will they last

the two and a half days

till they splash down in the Pacific?

But more trouble

could lie ahead for the astronauts.

The latest report says

a tropical storm named Helen

is inching closer towards

the Pacific landing site and building up.

So that's the way we stand

in this Apollo 13 flight.

A flight that, almost uniquely,

seems to have been jinxed

from the very beginning.

And we're not out of the woods yet,

not by a long shot.

But, uh... we were still alive.

We'd better just keep on charging.

Another note of interest

to the crew-systems people.

Tell them they don't have to bother

putting a refrigerator on board.

I just brought out some hot dogs,

and they're practically frozen.

Okay, we copy that, Jim.

It appears to be a little chilly

inside the command-module cabin

at the present time.

We have a reading of 38 degrees.

It was really gettin' cold.

The water was dripping

off the walls and the windows.

We didn't have

the proper clothes for warmth.

Is anybody sleeping

in the command module right now, Jim?

Negative, Joe.

It's just too cold in there,

but I have got Fred

stashed over here to my left.

Thirty-eight is mighty cold.

It's a lot colder than it was last night.

Has Jim gone to bed yet at all,

do you know?

- No, uh...

- Is he still up?

Let me tell you

what this visual is here.

Jim wasn't sleeping.

Well, the doctors thought

maybe I could come over

and talk Jim into getting some rest

because he never did go to sleep.

I said there's no way I could do that

because I would just get over there,

and I would probably...

I'd probably break down

in front of the world and everyone.

I just couldn't do it.

Because that would've been difficult

for him too.

Although we thought of our families,

uh... we didn't talk about them

among ourselves.

We knew that they were praying

for us, but we were busy getting home

so that they wouldn't

have to worry about us.

Everything's running real smooth

over in Timber Cove, Jim.

That sounds pretty good.

President Nixon drove

through the rain from the White House

to the Goddard Space Flight Center

to be kept up to date on the mission.

A White House spokesman said

the president was concerned

and hopeful

that the astronauts would return safely.

Now, on that maneuver

that we transferred to the manual column,

now, you got that DPS, uh... thrust model

set to 10%

all the way through the burn, didn't you?

Yeah.

Okay. We went back and reconfigured

the target table, didn't we?

There was something

causing the vehicle to drift a little bit.

Best data we've got now,

Flight, you'd have to make the maneuver

because you're not in the corridor.

You're not reentering at the moment.

For some reason,

our trajectory's shallowing out.

We got a quarter

we have to come in through,

and it's only about two,

two and a half degrees wide,

and if you come in too shallow,

we skip off the Earth's atmosphere.

We'd go completely past the Earth.

We'd come back to Earth someday,

but the crew of the spacecraft

would be long gone.

What is happening

that we don't understand?

Why, why, why, why, why?

Uh, this bothered me.

Uh, Jim? Uh...

The situation is that, at the moment,

we're a little bit shallow.

We're shallow?

That's the important thing.

The Apollo 13 spacecraft

is off course.

If the astronauts cannot make

the correction in their flight path,

the three Americans will die in space.

If they didn't make it

through this window,

they would skip off into space,

and they would just go around

until they ran out of oxygen.

And I would picture him like that.

You know, how scary it would be,

what he'd be thinking.

Okay, Jim, to come in

a little more steeply,

it's going to be a manual burn.

A manual?

Sounds like something

that we came up with on Apollo 8.

Everybody wondered

if you'd remember that. By golly, you did.

Although I thought

I'd never have to use it.

Another burn

that's never been done.

So we had to make another burn...

but our computer was down.

Our guidance system wasn't working.

Our autopilot was off.

We had to do it manually.

We had to use the Earth as a target,

line it up with a little g*n sight

that we had

in the window of the lunar module.

Earth, uh... in the window.

I know that when that engine goes on

that I'll never be able to keep

the Earth in the window by myself.

"Fred, keep the Earth

from going back and forth too much."

"I'll keep the Earth

from going up and down too much."

"Jack, time it with your wristwatch."

Burn time of 14 seconds.

One minute away now.

This maneuver has to work.

We're flying right now

by the seat of our pants.

I'm ready now.

Ten seconds away now.

Ignition.

We're burning. Copy that, Charlie.

Thrust looks good.

7.6 feet per second.

How do we get that?

- Stop the engine.

- Shut down.

Okay, now.

Good show.

A real kind of a... a true coordinated

hodge-podge maneuver there.

So the three astronauts

head toward home across a desert of space,

their oxygen and water running low.

Perhaps this story

will be seen one day as a parable.

This Earth is also a spinning spaceship.

All of us are astronauts.

And our oxygen and water

are also diminishing.

But we have no place to go.

Is it snowing in there yet?

Is it what?

Oh, snowing.

No, uh... No, not quite.

You'll have some time

on the beach to thaw out

after this experience.

Hey, that sounds great.

We were really worried

about, uh, crew condition here.

Freddo, Fred Haise had developed

a high body temperature,

about 104 degrees, severely dehydrated,

bad urinary infection.

We realized how desperate it was

on board the spacecraft.

The entry weather tomorrow

is lookin' better all the time.

Hang in there. It won't be long now.

Less than 14 hours away

from its scheduled return,

the astronauts must feel that each hour

is made up of more than 60 minutes.

We think we've got all

the little surprises ironed out for you.

I hope so

because tomorrow is examination time.

Today, around the world,

there were expressions of hope

that the crew's return will be safe.

The entire world was following

the return of Apollo 13.

And in almost every city, people prayed

for the lives of the spacemen.

Ten thousand joined Pope Paul

in prayer at St Peter's Basilica.

I never realized that something like this

would have an impact

on the world like it did.

Never have so many people

prayed at the same time for the safety

of a single operation

such as this.

Thousands who are gathered

in Grand Central Station

here in New York City.

Walter, even though

your reports and others that they've heard

are relatively confident,

I think there still is a sense

of foreboding about this flight.

I think they need a lotta luck

and a lotta prayers,

and we'll bring them home safely.

I'm lookin' out the window now,

and that Earth is whistlin' in

like a high-speed freight train.

This all now had to happen by the clock.

There was no back-out.

We were comin' home.

It's a cruel paradox that the nearer

they come to the safety of the Earth,

the nearer, too, comes the moment

of perhaps the greatest danger.

The reentry sequence

is a very tricky maneuver,

quite different

from the normal return to Earth.

We have the lunar module.

That's our lifeboat.

We have a dead service module

where the expl*si*n occurred.

We have the command module,

which is our reentry vehicle

but with limited power.

So we gotta separate all of these pieces

so we can bring this crew

back through the atmosphere.

For the first time

since the accident,

the command module

will be operating on its own.

The command module's heat shield

will absorb

the 5,000-degree heat of reentry.

First of all, the crew

had to power up the command module.

Okay.

We powered it down,

not necessarily gracefully.

We kind of did

what we had to do fairly quickly,

and then it spent four days

in near freezer-like conditions.

Just a lot of unknowns

about how it was gonna behave.

Hello, Aquarius. Houston.

How do you read?

Okay, very good, Ken.

Okay, uh... let me, uh,

take it from the top.

We're starting off with a set of timeline...

Astronaut Fred Haise

has been going through a long checklist

with Mission Control.

...normal entry checklist.

There will be some...

In two hours, all three men

have to be inside the command module

and have to be going into reentry,

so this is critical now.

Aquarius. Houston.

Go ahead.

You're go to start

powering up the command module.

Jack's entering

the command module now.

Okay, Jim.

Water was collecting everywhere.

We had to get out a towel

to wipe off the instrument panel

to see the instruments.

Okay, flight controllers.

Let's keep it quiet, monitor the loops

in case they have any problems

in power transfer.

Okay, press on.

We started powering up

the command-module systems,

system by system.

Starting at one row,

pushing six, and stop for a moment.

Wait to see

if we smelled any insulation burning.

Beautiful.

Looks good, Flight.

Houston. Aquarius.

Odyssey is trying to call.

Do you read 'em?

Odyssey. Houston, over.

- How do you read?

- Okay, read you, babe.

You're looking good

on the ground, Odyssey.

- Uh, Ken, this is Jim.

- Yes, sir.

- Appreciate the work you've done.

- Roger.

Of course, we'll be watching you

and anything we can do for you.

Hey, that'd be good, Ken.

They're going to be preparing

to jettison the service module.

We're interested in taking

some pictures of it, if we possibly can.

You can jettison

the service module when you're ready.

Okay, sounds good.

Okay, I've got her, Houston.

And there's one whole side

of that spacecraft missing!

The whole panel is blown out,

almost from the base to the engine.

It's really a mess.

Man, that's unbelievable.

These oxygen tanks were sitting around

under the heat shield.

So when they blew, it obviously had torn

the side outta the vehicle.

The question is what else did it do?

What kinda shape's the heat shield in?

That heat shield

directly was linked to the service module,

and all panels of that service module

were blown out.

What condition is the heat shield in?

Their lives depend on that heat shield.

We're standing by now

for reports of jettison

of the lunar module.

This is the time

to bail out of the lifeboat.

Okay, everybody stand by

for LM final sep.

There'll be a certain nostalgia,

I guess, in saying goodbye to...

- Okay, we are in sight.

- Stand by.

LM jettison.

You could watch it

slowly, uh, driftin' away.

I was sad to see it go.

Farewell, Aquarius,

and we thank you.

These men,

at certain points throughout the mission,

have come very close to death.

You cannot emphasize that enough.

They've come very close to death.

Now as they come down to this reentry

back into the Earth's atmosphere,

I wonder if we could

just take a cool, schematic look

at the kind of danger they're facing.

The spacecraft enters at 400,000 feet.

It then plows into the atmosphere.

Eighteen seconds after they arrive,

they're out of communication

because the atmosphere,

it cuts out radio waves.

And only at three minutes and 36 seconds

do they come out

of that communications blackout.

So, up until three minutes and 36 seconds,

we won't know

whether the heat shield has worked,

whether they're still alive,

whether the stress

has been too much for the command module.

But after reentry at 25,000 miles an hour,

their craft hits the water

at no more than 22 miles an hour.

And if that's not a technological miracle,

nothing is.

Thirteen minutes now

from predicted time of entry.

Velocity now reading

35,646 feet per second.

Rodge.

Flight Director Gene Kranz

now going around the room

posting his flight-control team

as to status.

All flight controllers,

I'm comin' around the horn. Go/no go?

- RETRO?

- Go, Flight.

- GUIDO?

- Go.

- Guidance?

- Go.

- Control?

- Go.

- TELMU?

- Go.

- Surgeon?

- Go.

- INCO?

- Go, Flight.

- AFD?

- Go.

Okay.

Odyssey. Houston, over.

Go ahead.

Okay, LOS in a minute

or a minute and a half.

And welcome home. Over.

Thank you.

Apollo 13 is traveling

at more than 25,000 miles an hour.

It's over on the darkened side

of the Earth now,

descending toward that little spot

plotted out in the Pacific Ocean.

I know all of us here

want to thank you guys down there

for the very fine job you did.

I'll tell you,

we all had a good time doing it.

Apollo Control, Houston,

we've just had loss of signal

with Apollo 13.

We gave it our best shot.

Countdown.

It was

an intensely lonely period.

The crew's on their own,

and they're left

with the data that you gave 'em.

Each controller's going back through

everything they did during the mission

and, "Was I right?"

And that's the only question

on their mind.

We're a little shallower

than what we predicted.

There's very little

anybody can do, including the astronauts,

except wait

as they come through the uppermost fringes

of the Earth's atmosphere.

All anybody can do now...

is cross their fingers.

It was so quiet

that you could hear a pin drop.

There was nothing else for us to do.

Confidence has nothing to do with it now.

Apollo 13 should be

coming up on max G right now.

Less than 30 seconds to go.

We will attempt to contact Apollo 13.

Apollo 13 should be

out of blackout at this time.

We're standing by

for any reports of acquisition.

Odyssey, Houston.

Standing by.

Getting reports

of ARIA acquisition yet?

- Not at this time.

- Okay.

The spacecraft at this moment

is lost to everyone on Earth.

Odyssey, Houston?

We oughta be hearing something.

Shoulda been out of that blackout

a minute and 15 seconds.

For the first time

in this mission,

uh... there is the first little bit of doubt

that's coming into this room

that something happened

and the crew didn't make it.

"Will you please answer us?"

He had to come back.

I couldn't live without him.

Okay, Joe.

Okay, we read you, Jack.

There they are!

All three chutes out.

Listen to the crowd!

- Got you on television, babe.

- They've made it.

Odyssey, Houston.

We show you on the mains.

It really looks great.

They're in, and I make it

no more than five seconds late.

No more than five seconds late!

We have splashdown.

Home at last.

I think 13 was a milestone in survival.

The odds were overwhelming.

And, you know, I'll forever be proud

of being a part of that set of people.

Today, a plaque for Apollo 13

has just been placed on the wall

of the mission control room.

Ironically, that plaque,

of course, says,

"From the moon, learning."

"Ex luna, science."

There was a learning of a kind.

A learning of how to survive.

Everybody was screaming and yelling.

They all popped open

the bottles of champagne.

I even got some that day.

It was fantastic.

The biggest relief

I've ever had in my life.

Is there any way

a wife can prepare herself

for a critical situation like this?

No. No. I have never experienced

anything like this in my life,

and I don't ever care

to experience it again.

I still feel the emotions within my body

that will probably never, ever leave me.

I didn't know for four days

if I was a wife or... a widow.

The Apollo 13 astronauts

flew home to Houston last night,

and a noisy, happy welcome

from the ground-control scientists

who helped save them

from disaster far out in space.

I really wasn't relieved until

I actually saw him and got to hug him.

You know, just to know that he was real

and he... you know, he survived this.

And it really made you

appreciate life a little bit.

We're just so thankful.

Home.

It suddenly dawned on us.

Just suddenly realized what we had done.

There were times we really didn't think

that we'd make it back here.

And I can recall,

about a year and a half ago,

when we were coming home on Apollo 8

and be able to look back on the Earth

that the Earth is really

the only place we had to go to.

It was the only place we could see

in the universe that was home to us.

Of all the welcomes home

that we've had,

this one means the most

because it was these people here

that made it possible

for me to be here tonight.

What implications

could this accident on Apollo 13...

You know, uh... a lot of people ask,

"Do you feel

that Apollo 13 was a failure?"

I guess if you measure success and failure

on the basis of "Did you accomplish

what you started out to do?"

Apollo 13 was, indeed, a failure.

But Apollo 13 did something

that's never happened before

in the history of man.

That for a brief instant of time,

the whole world was together.

Offers of help and messages of concern

came from every country in the world.

And maybe if you measure Apollo 13,

and it is possible

for the world to live together,

then Apollo 13

was most eminently successful.

I don't look back too often.

If you don't look forward, then you lose

some of the meaning of... of life.

But being up there

and seeing the Earth as it really is...

and realizing how fortunate we are...

It's like a blue-and-white

Christmas-tree ball

hanging in an absolutely black sky.

And, of course, you don't see cities.

Don't see boundaries.

You see the Earth as it really is.

A grand oasis... in the vastness of space.