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National Geographic: Among the Wild Chimpanzees (1984)

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National Geographic: Among the Wild Chimpanzees (1984)

Post by bunniefuu »

For centuries there were

fearsome tales of a half

human monster roaming

the African forests

Even in modern times,

knowledge of the elusive creature

the wild chimpanzee-

was largely based on speculation

Then, in 1960 a daring

young Englishwoman

set out to sort fiction from truth

She had been warned

"You'll never get

near the chimpanzees,"

but she was determined to try

Her name, Jane Goodall

She was 26 years old and

destined to make scientific history

Against odds many

thought insurmountable

she gradually earned

the chimpanzees' trust

The picture that has

emerged is an awesome

portrait of the animals

most like man

The similarities to humans are

startling:

the obvious physical resemblance;

the discovery that they hunt and eat meat;

the even more profound revelation

that they are intelligent enough

to make and use tools

and in their nonverbal communication

perhaps the most uncanny

resemblance of all

Meticulously documented on

motion-picture film

Jane Goodall's classic study stretches

from 1960 to the present day

A compelling chronicle that spans

three generations of chimps

it is the longest study of any wild

animal group in the world

Unexpectedly one of its recent

chapters took a forbidding turn

The usually gentle

amiable chimps revealed a dark

and sinister side

- puzzling, savage behavior

as yet unexplained

And so the saga goes on -

the remarkable adventure of the wild

chimpanzees and the dedicated

woman who works among them still

Growing up in Bournemouth,

England, Jane Goodall

was drawn to the world of animals

almost from the start

When her mother gave

the infant a chimp doll

outraged friends predicted nightmares

They could not have been more wrong

"Even when I was very tiny I was

absolutely fascinated by animals

I think I first began to dream of

going to Africa after reading

Dr. Doolittle and Tarzan

when I was about eight

I was absolutely fascinated with

the idea of being out in the jungle

out with the animals

feeling a part of it all."

Famed anthropologist Louis Leakey

had long searched for someone

to study wild chimpanzees for

clues to the behavior of early man

"I want someone unbiased

by academic learning," he said

"Someone with uncommon patience

and dedication."

His faith in Jane Goodall would

lead to one of the most important

scientific studies of our time

Her journey would take Goodall to

the East African country of Tanzania

then known as Tanganyika

The remote Gombe Stream Game

Reserve stretches for about

ten miles of rugged

mountainous country along the

shore of Lake Tanganyika

And so on the 14th of July 1960

Jane Goodall was 4,000 miles from home

a tiny boat her only link

to the civilized world

"When I arrived at the

Gombe Stream Reserve

I felt that at long last my childhood

ambition was being realized

But when I looked at the wild and

rugged mountains where

the chimpanzees lived

I knew that my task was not going to be easy."

Day-to-day life in this remote

wilderness would be difficult at best

The local authorities

horrified at the thought of a young

white woman alone in the wild

at first refused Jane

permission to come

agreeing only when she said she would

bring a companion

Aside from her mother

Vanne Goodall, and an African cook

Jane would spend the next

several months virtually alone

It was already late afternoon

when the tents were pitched and

provisions stored

But after 20 years of dreaming

of this day

Jane was eager to begin

Unarmed and untrained she

ventured into a strange, new world

For most, this would be a lonely

forbidding realm

But for Jane Goodall

it was where she most wanted to be

"During my first days at Gombe I

could hardly believe it was true

At last I was out in the wild

I didn't see many animals

but I had the feeling they were there

all around, watching me

There were rustles in the undergrowth

strange calls

smells I could not identify."

For months

the objects of her search invariably

fled at the mere sight of her

Often she couldn't find them at all

It was a steep

rigorous climb to the open ridges above

but perhaps, she hoped

a way to pinpoint the nomadic apes below

"I discovered not far from camp

that there was a peak overlooking

two valleys

And from this vantage point

I was able to gradually piece together

the daily behavior of the chimps

The major advantage of the Peak was

that the chimps could see me

sitting up there and gradually

get used to my presence."

Sitting quietly in the same spot

day after day

always dressed in the same

neutral colors

never attempting to

follow the shy apes

the figure on the Peak gradually

became less of a threat

It would be some time, however

before Jane was accepted at closer range

Though the chimps now

recognized the intruder

her intent was far from clear

Jane had to accept the

realization that

for the being being at least

much of her knowledge would

be based on indirect evidence

like an abandoned sleeping

nest high in the trees

Jane found the nest was not

simply a pile of wadded leaves

but a carefully interwoven

platform created by dexterous hands

and a reasoning brain

But the intelligent creature

who made it had long since moved on

Impatient with her slow progress

with the chimps

Jane stretched each day to the

final rays of the setting sun

This would be her first meal

in 12 hours

It had been another long

and frustrating day

"As I am not a defeatist

it only made my determination

to succeed stronger

I never had any

thought of quitting

I should forever have

lost all self-

respect if I had given up."

And so

days that began before dawn

reached well past midnight

And, for as long

as it would take

tomorrow would be the same

Even when there were no

chimps to be found

there was always much to be done

Samples of plants the chimps eat

would be preserved for

later identification

There was a new language to learn

tribal customs to absorb

A makeshift clinic helped cement

good relations

with the local villagers

With camp life settling into

a comfortable routine

Gombe increasingly became

Jane Goodall's private world

Though her staff was growing

outsiders till now

had not been welcome

lest they frighten the chimps

But at Louis Leakey's urging

she agreed that a permanent film

record of the chimps be made

To shield herself

and the cameraman

she built a blind

- a screen of leaves

Hugo van Lawick

is a specialist in wildlife

Primarily funded by the

National Geographic Society

over the coming years he

and Goodall would capture

details of chimp behavior

never before dreamed possible

They found that chimpanzees

are nomadic

traveling in ever changing groups

in the daily search for food

wanderings that can take them

two to six miles in a single day

They are animals of

dramatic extremes

noisy and excitable one minute

calm and gentle the next

To satisfy their hunger on a

diet that is largely vegetarian

chimps eat up to

seven hours a day

Much of their diet is fruit

but they also feed on leaves

blossoms, seeds, and stems

After congregating at a food source

several individuals may rest

and groom together

then separate once again

The only stable group within the

community is a mother and her young

Males take no part

in child rearing

Contrary to common belief

chimps do not have fleas

Mutual grooming does remove flakes

of dried skin and grass seeds

but physical contact for its own

sake seems to be the primary goal

Not much interested

in quiet pursuits

youngsters have better things to do

"The chimps very gradually

came to realize that

I was not dangerous after all

I shall never forget the day

after about 18 months when

for the first time

a small group allowed me

to approach and be near them

Finally I had been accepted

I think it was one

of the proudest

and most exciting moments

of my whole life

Chimpanzees are as distinct from

one another as are human beings

and Jane gave them names

as she came to recognize them

Old Flo, with her bulbous

nose and ragged ears

is matriarch of the family

Jane would come to know best

At seven weeks, infant Flint is

still completely dependent on Flo

Flo's adolescent son Figan plays

with his younger sister Fifi

Even fully mature Faben often

stays with the family

Ever since Flint's birth

his sister Fifi has been

fascinated by the baby

Repeatedly she tries to

touch and groom him

The older chimps

less interested in babies

tend to ignore Flint

But Fifi is persistent

actually trying to take

the infant from Flo

Though protective of her newborn

Flo is never rough with Fifi

When she's had enough

she simply walks off

leaving Fifi looking

rather frustrated

Another group's arrival is signaled

by a chorus of hooting calls

Adult males dominate chimp society

and are much preoccupied with

their position in the hierarchy

In an effort to better his rank the

male puts on an awesome charging display

With hair bristling

and vegetation flying

the male makes himself appear larger

and more dangerous than he actually is

Intended to intimidate rivals

it is usually nothing

more than superb bluff

After displays of aggression

the dominant chimp often reassures those

who have been frightened or hurt

and thus tension is defused

harmony restored

One male rose to the

top of the hierarchy

by intelligence rather than strength

Mike discovered that rolling

empty kerosene cans from Jane's camp

made a horrifying noise

Originally one of the

lowest ranking males

Mike was now number one

Close to where they are feeding

when dusk falls the chimpanzees will build

sleeping nests for the night 30

to 40 feet up in the trees

After choosing a suitable

foundation such as a horizontal fork

the chimp takes only three to

five minutes to bend down branches

then twigs, to create

a comfortable, padded bed

With creature comforts

long since forsaken

Jane found increasing pleasures

in her wilderness world

But, as she soon discovered

human creature comforts

were not without appeal to some

A chimp had wandered into camp

and found the supply tent

where bananas were stored

Because he had been to camp

before when Jane was in the forest

she had a prearranged signal

to call her back

"It was thrilling after all this time

to find a chimp actually in my camp

It was David Greybeard

a male I had already come to

know out in the forest."

David's boldness marked

a turning point for Jane

After the endless months

she had searched for them

the chimps

following David's lead

mow came to her

Gradually

their inherent fear gave way

and an offer of friendship

was accepted with trust

If she could lure the chimps

into camp regularly

Jane realized

her observations would be

far more consistent than

chance encounters in the forest

Bananas were the answer

The scheme was not without its flaws

as the local baboons quickly proved

David Greybeard repeatedly

ran to his friend

the more powerful Goliath

for protection

Goliath came to David's defense

but the baboon knew

which chimp was afraid

and it was David

he went for every time

Because of the trust

established in camp

tracking the chimps in the forest

was now much easier for Jane

She was able to follow and document

in detail the development of

Flo's infant son, Flint

At six months

Flint is learning to ride

on his mother's back

But sometimes he doesn't

get it quite right

At around the same age

he takes his first tottering steps

When he stumbles and whimpers

Flo quickly rescues him

Flo is a particularly affectionate

tolerant and playful mother

and because much maternal

behavior is learned

she is the role model

for her daughter Fifi

As Flint grows older

Flo permits Fifi to take him

for brief periods of time

Such experiences provide important

training for the future when young

females mature and

have offspring of their own

About the time Flo

begins to carry Flint on her back

Fifi tries to imitate Flo

Though unsuccessful

the attempt marks an important

milestone in her learning experience

Mandy is a young female who has

just had her first baby

Fifi has never seen the baby

before and is intrigued

For the moment at least

this is something more

interesting than Flint

As Mandy settles down

Fifi comes for a closer look at

this newest member of the community

All youngsters at Gombe

are interested in new babies

but Jane had never seen one

who showed more fascination than Fifi

A study in concentration

Mandy is not worried

by Fifi's presence

but when adolescent male Figan

approaches she nervously moves off

Both Fifi and Figan are fascinated

by the smell of the new baby

Fifi has followed Mandy up a tree

and now attempts to touch the baby

Mandy gently fends her off

Meanwhile, even Flint is curious

about another infant younger than he

But Flo is ready to move on

in search of food

and she lets Flint know

it is time to go

Fifi, still engrossed

with Mandy's baby

does not notice that they leave

When she finally

looks for her mother

Flo is out of sight

At six, Fifi is still quite dependent

on her mother and cries in distress

She has no idea in

what direction Flo has gone

Normally Flo would come

at Fifi's cries

but apparently can't hear her

above the growing storm

Although chimps seem miserable

in the rain

surprisingly they make little effort

to find shelter

Even in a torrential downpour

they just sit and wait it out

Long committed to observing

the chimps seven days a week

Jane ignored the rain

Searching for the lost Fifi

she saw something remarkable instead

the male Goliath performing

a spectacular display

Enthralled by the magnificent

"rain dance,"

Jane would later write:

"With a display of strength and vigor

such as this primitive man himself

might have challenged the elements."

Twenty minutes later the rain dance

was over as suddenly as it had begun

Among Goliath's audience Jane

spotted Flo and Flint

From her tall lookout

Fifi saw them too

Strong family ties

temporarily broken by the storm

were once again intact

The rainy season brings

the flight of fertile

winged termites as they leave

their nests to establish new colonies

For chimp and baboon alike

they are a tasty delicacy

But baboons can only capture

the termites outside the nest

as the swarms emerge and fly

When they have gone and worker termites

have resealed the nest

the baboons will move on

But the chimps not only know

termites are there

hidden below the surface,

they have learned how to get at them

In defense of their nest

the termites grip onto the grass

and with utmost care

the chimp gently draws them out

As a stem becomes bent

the chimp breaks off the end

to make it work more efficiently

Sometimes a leafy twig is selected

but first it must

be stripped of its leaves

In these actions

modifying natural objects

for a specific purpose -

the chimp is not only using

but actually making tools

It seems certain that

this is a learned behavior passed

from generation to generation

by watching and imitation

Flint does not yet know

how to fish for termites

but already he imitates

part of Flo's technique

Jane's proof that chimps

make and use tools would rock

the scientific world

"Tool using always used to be

considered a hallmark

of the human species

When Louis Leakey first heard

about tool using at Gombe

he got extremely excited and said

"Now we have to redefine man

redefine tool or

include chimpanzees with humans."

A chimpanzee brain will never

design a computer

nor even imagine a durable

tool chipped from stone

But his brain is more similar

to our own than is that of

any other living creature

And surely it was thus that

our distant human ancestors began

learning to master

the natural world

in the constant struggle

to survive

To a thirsty chimp

rainwater trapped in the hollow

of a tree is inviting

but not easily reached

Once again the chimps have learned to

solve a problem by fashioning a tool

Wadded leaves act as a sponge

Chewing makes them more absorbent

Using the sponge

the chimp can get as much as

eight times more water

than with fingers alone

Inherently curious, youngsters like

Fifi learn from older chimps

and thus the technique

is passed on

Baboons at Gombe outnumber

the chimps by about four to one

For the most part

the two species coexist peacefully

But the baboon is a competitor for

food and friction can arise

Because he has the intelligence

to use a weapon

yet another type of tool even a youngster

can intimidate a fully grown male

The bluff works but

as Jane would find out

sometimes the aggression

is very real

A young baboon has been captured

and k*lled by a group of chimps

and they will feast on its remains

Jane's discovery astounded the

scientific world

the chimp is not the gentle

vegetarian we had thought

but, like humans,

a formidable predator

Sometimes cooperating to

hunt and stalk their prey

they also k*ll young antelope

bushpigs, and monkeys

For the most part chimps eat meat

only they themselves have k*lled

Indeed, a dead animal is

often a puzzling sight

With Gombe's growing fame

visiting students and scientists

became a regular part of the scene

One day, as part of a project

to record chimpanzee calls

Jane put out bananas in great quantities

The result -

an eruption of frenzied excitement

desperate begging,

and violent aggression

Because of the excessive

hostilities aroused

Jane disapproved of such

human intervention

But the episode was not

without value

revealing the intricate patterns of

chimpanzee dominance and submission

and the chimps' intense need for

reassurance by touch

The sounds of the encounter were

carefully analyzed by students

specializing in chimp vocalization

With the passing years

Gombe drew students from around

the world with interests ranging from

biology to communication

to psychology

They came because of Jane

and the unique opportunities

of the living laboratory

she created here

To avoid future aggression

over bananas

Jane devised a system of rationing

by remote control

Now the chimps were fed only if they

arrived alone or in small groups

and then just once in ten days

Apparently not happy with

this new state of affairs

the ever-creative chimps

made their wishes known

The chimps' presence in camp provided

an opportunity for experiments

not possible in the forest

How would they react to

something new?

All chimpanzees are intensely curious

but often afraid of the unfamiliar

For the first time, Flint attempts

the typical male intimidation display

pulling vegetation and stamping

Later Jane put out a mirror

It was clearly a fascinating mystery

In retrospect,

Jane will say that had she known

her study would continue indefinitely

she would not have encouraged

contact between herself and the chimps

For one thing,

they are stronger than humans and

if they lose their fear, dangerous

Indeed, in the future

Jane would minimize

all interaction with the chimps

But for the moment

after the long struggle

for acceptance

David's silent consent to be

groomed was a prize beyond measure

In 1966 tragedy strikes

An epidemic spreads from

a nearby village

and Gombe awakes to

the devastation of polio

"Nothing that has happened at Gombe

before or since has been

as horrible nothing

They were among the darkest days

of my life; a living nightmare

The worst tragedy was

old Mr. McGregor

He lost the use of both his legs

and he could only move by pulling

himself along the ground by his arms

The other chimps were frightened

by this strangeness and

shunned old Gregor

Only his close relative

Humphrey, stayed nearby

The mother, Olly

has lost her month-old infant

to the disease

Though she knows he is not alive

she carries his dead body

for three days

Polio vaccine is flown in

and fed to the chimps in bananas

but for many it is too late

Flo's son, Faben,

paralyzed in one arm

protects it by walking

long distances upright

To get food Mr. McGregor had learned

to pull himself into trees

with the strength

of his arms alone

But he dislocated a shoulder

while trying to climb

and now can no longer move at all

Jane knew she had but one choice

Her longtime friend must be shot

But 1967 would bring joy

Married three years

Hugo and Jane now had a son

Little Hugo, nicknamed Grub

would grown up in a world

most children never even see

Spending less time at work

to be with Grub

Jane modeled her behavior

after the patient

affectionate chimp mothers

she had long observed

"Gombe was the ideal place

to raise a child," she said

"You could focus on the

important things in life: family

unity with all living creatures

being part of the natural world."

As she watched her own son grow

Jane continued to track

the development of Flo's son

Flint, who was now four and a half

Pregnant with her fifth child

Flo was increasing her attempts

to wean Flint

Typical of youngsters his age

he resisted - still trying

to suckle and demanding

to ride on Flo despite

his large size

When denied his way

Flint threw violent temper tantrums

even hitting and biting his mother

"Perhaps because she was

too old to cope

Flo often gave in

and let Flint have his way

Later, this would have

grave consequences."

Later that year, the baby was born

and Jane named her Flame

Still attached to the placenta

Flame was just a few hours old

Because females give birth only once

every five to six years

a newborn always stirs much curiosity

among the youngsters

Jane wondered what the birth

would mean to Flint

Flint's behavior would be expected

to change with the new arrival

but instead he was getting worse

"Even after the birth of his sibling

when most youngsters become

more independent

Flint continued to pester

his mother for attention

And, more often than not

Flo gave in to his demands."

Even with Flame at Flo's breast

Flint sometimes tried to suckle

Six months later while Flo was ill

Flame disappeared

never to be seen again

With no baby to care for now

Flo stopped even trying to

encourage Flint's independence

Jane wondered if he would remain

an infant forever

Life expectancy of a wild chimpanzee

is guessed at forty to fifty years

Flo, now well past 40,

was feeble and worn

spending most of her time

resting quietly near Flint

"Although I knew that Flo

had become very old indeed

it was still a sad day when I found

her dead body lying in the stream

For me it was like losing

an old friend

For Flint it was like losing

his whole world

Flint stayed by himself close

to the place where Flo had died

He ate very little

He became increasingly lethargic

and depressed

And, finally,

in this state of grieving

he grew sick

Three and a half weeks

after losing his mother

Flint died too."

Today the name Jane Goodall is

almost synonymous with animal research

Accomplished author

speaker, and now a Ph.D

she is sought all over the world

A rarity among scientists

she has become a celebrity

in her own right

"... he wasn't having it at all

He wanted to follow

his adolescent brother."

Wherever she goes on

her annual lecture tours

eager crowds gather to hear

the latest chapter

in the lives of the chimps

"Any new, particular new developments

new behavior of the chimps?"

"Two quite interesting new developments

One is concerned with

territoriality..."

Though she welcomes the opportunity

to share her world

Jane keeps her visits short

Gombe is where she most wants to be

With her on this trip are her mother

returning for a nostalgic visit

and Grub, now 15

Though not even Jane

could have predicted

her study would last this long

it is 22 years since she first

set foot on Gombe's shores

In that time the country has gone

from British rule to independence;

Gombe once a game reserve

is now a national park

But friendships that span more

than two decades remain unchanged

Today permanent structures have

replaced Jane's lakeshore tent

and a staff of ten

Tanzanian field assistants

has been trained to help

observe the chimps

The men work in teams of two and

follow the animals seven days a week

In recent years they,

along with Jane

witnessed a startling turn of events

Like Gombe itself, the chimps,

it seemed had changed too

"If I'd left,

as Louis Leakey predicted

after ten years, we would have

had a very different picture

of the chimpanzees to that

which we have today

People's idea of the gentle

noble savage would have been

exemplified by the way of

life of the chimps

I started off studying one

community and in 1972 that community

divided into two and one part of

it moved down into the south of

the range that

the whole community had shared

Two years later a series of events

began which were amongst the most

horrifying we have seen at Gombe

The males of the larger

Kasakela community

the one's that we are studying today

systematically began to hunt down

individuals of the smaller

southern community to attack them

when they found them on their own

or in small groups and within

a full year period every one

of the seven males

and at least one of the three females

who had moved to the south

had disappeared."

"The sequence of events that occurred

during this warfare

were really shocking because these attacks

were not over in one minute

They lasted 20 minutes

They were g*ng attacks

where between three and six adult males

together attacked one victim

The victim was rendered senseless

virtually crouching on the ground

not even trying to fight back

And yet they would pound him

they would drag him

they would bite him

they would smash him

One of them had a broken leg

One of them had a great piece of

skin ripped from his thigh

And these were very

very brutal attacks

and I think it's a bit horrifying

to consider that just

because we now know how aggressive

the chimpanzee can be

this makes them even more like humans

than I thought they were before."

Only because Jane stayed on at Gombe

was the warfare discovered

Only because she remains there

still may it one day be explained

While the male g*ng violence

was a profoundly dramatic event

much of Jane's work continues to

revolve around the subtle intricacies

of day-to-day family life

Her observations of Flo and Flint

taught her just how powerful

a mother's influence can be

In the ten years since Flo died

Jane has followed her family

into its third generation

Flo's daughter, Fifi

is now a mother herself

Like Flo, Fifi is an extremely

playful and tolerant mother

Her son, Frodo, bears a striking

resemblance to his dead uncle Flint

Young Fanni evokes images of

Fifi herself as a child

And in adolescent Freud a visible

reminder of Figan as he matured

"Gremlin now watches Frodo

Getty much more active

than he used to be."

As she watches Getty

the youngest member of the Gomber

community secure in his mother's arms

Jane reflects on

ten other infants who

over the course of four years

met a gruesome fate

"There was one extremely horrifying day

I was in Dares Salaam

and we were contacting Gombe by

radio as we used to do every morning

And this strange message came over

that the adult female Passion

and her adolescent daughter

Pom, had seized a newborn

infant from Gilka

Gilka, one of the polio victims

a chimp I'd known since

she was one year old

And that this mother Passion

had k*lled the baby

and she and her daughter and her son

had shared the body between them

And I found this almost

impossible to believe

But when I got to Gombe a week later

it was indeed true

And over the next four years Passion

and her daughter Pom were known

to k*ll and eat three newborn babies

They were watched as they

tried but failed to catch two more

And we suspect that

in that four years

in fact, they were

responsible for the deaths

of ten newborn babies."

Jane had always described Passion

as "a somewhat unnatural mother"

cold and indifferent,

indeed often callous to her youngsters

Yet Jane could not possibly

have predicted that Passion

would become a k*ller

attacking with aggression so violent

that she paid no attention to human

observers even when

they tried to intervene

"Why did they do it?

I really have no idea

I suspect that it was an

aberrant behavior shown first

by the mother imitated

by the daughter

It was, perhaps, the hardest thing to

understand and to accept

that's ever happened at Gombe

And the descriptions of the attacks

on these mothers are some of

the most moving and horrifying

descriptions that have taken place

in all the 22 years

For instance, when passion,

together with Pom

two strong females, attacked

Melissa with her three-week-old baby

Melissa's daughter Gremlin

much younger than Pom,

ran over to the two field

assistants who were watching

this horrifying struggle

stood upright,

looked into their eyes

looked back at the scene, and

really seemed to be begging for help

But Passion and Pom

were strong

stronger than Melissa,

and they managed to seize the baby

leaving Melissa terribly

badly wounded

The moment they had the baby

and had k*lled it

when Melissa went up to watch

as they ate it

Passion reached out

embraced and kissed her as though

I have no quarrel with you."

I wanted your baby

Now I'm content

And as I say we just do not

understand this behavior

Hopefully now

the behavior is finished

Passion is dead

Pom has shown no signs of

doing this and, indeed

on her own isn't capable

of attacking another female

and stealing her baby."

For now the warfare is over

the cannibalism has ceased

Gombe is quiet again but for the

eternal sounds of the African night

Then on a summer evening in 1982

a joyous chorus of human

voices pervades the dark

an anniversary party celebrating

To share this night, some have come

by boat

others have walked for miles

With traditional feasting

and speeches

they join together to toast the

future and celebrate the past

"Well, after 22 years I have many

many fond memories of Gombe

Perhaps the one that I like to

think back on most

was after having struggled

crawled through the undergrowth

climbed up to the Peak and down again

and searched, and being rewarded

yes by seeing chimps, but chimps

that ran away every time I went

up to them -

to have a chimpanzee just sit there

and watch me and know that I was

there and not mind

That was a very, very wonderful moment

It was a tremendous feeling of

accomplishment

and exhilaration and pride in the

fact that I'd been accepted

And then a rather different kind of

memory was the first time

that a wild chimpanzee mother

came up to me

and allowed her infant to reach

out with

that wondering expression in his eyes

to touch me

And that, of course, was Flo with

her infant Flint

And that's another moment I'll

never forget."

And though it often seems a lifetime ago

she remembers them all three

generations of chimps

who allowed her the privilege of

entering their private world

Wild animals roaming free

who permitted a human to live among

them as a friend

Today, the direction of the study

lies uncharted

ahead to be written by

the chimps themselves

It is a future Jane Goodall embraces

with anticipation and a personal dream

"I hope to stay at Gombe for as long

as I can struggle around the mountains

and even after that I would hope

that I can train somebody to follow

in my footsteps

so that when I'm an old and

doddering lady

I can still hear about Melissa's

grandchildren

and Fifi's successors and be happy

in my old age."

When Louis Leakey told Jane her

study might last ten years

it sounded like a lifetime

and privately she thought

"three years at mos."

Already into her third decade at Gombe

the pioneer who dared to be accepted

by wild animals

and won has no intention of

leaving now