National Geographic: Bat Eared Foxes - Foxes of the Kalahari (1997)

[bunniefuu]

Africa's Kalahari is 100,000

square miles of dust and blowing sand.

But in this place where dry winds

vibrate with the sounds of life,

one creature lives

by the faintest whispers and cries.

These are bat-eared foxes,

and they survive here

because of their enormous, oval ears.

From their first days as pups,

they enter an unforgiving world

where their survival will depend on

detecting sounds

whether it's a meal hiding in the dirt,

or danger approaching

on silent at feet.

And at night, when vision dims,

they truly come into their own...

hunting their prey...

dodging those that stalk them.

This is the story of

one family's struggle to survive-

a year in the realm of the desert fox.

In an isolated corner of Botswana,

along the dried-out bed

of the Nossob River,

a fox we call Selene keeps

her small eyes and big ears wide open.

Together, she and her mate, Ajax,

have found a home

in this inhospitable land.

They've borrowed a den from their

closest neighbors, the meerkats.

Selene and Ajax need

the underground shelter.

It's November, early summer

in the Kalahari,

and the foxes are raising a family.

As afternoon draws to a close,

Selene heads off in search of food,

leaving Ajax behind to baby-sit.

Only three weeks old,

the pups are just beginning

to emerge from the den,

and Ajax is a protective father.

But these four little bundles of fur

will prove enough to challenge

even the most watchful parent.

There's Ajax's daughter,

Flash, and her three brothers.

Adventure is the explorer,

always first out of the den.

Kinky has a bent tail and,

as his father can see,

a feisty little disposition...

unlike the runt of the litter,

Little Joe.

The young pups are growing up

in a dangerous world,

but in this part of the Kalahari,

there's a neighborhood watch...

a meerkat sentry keeping an eye

peeled for predators.

Ever vigilant in a precarious realm,

the meerkats are extremely

protective of their young.

And what these animals lack in ears,

they make up for with their eyes.

A guard is always ready

to raise the alarm.

They spot the neighborhood menace,

a black-backed jackal on the prowl.

From a distance,

he may look like another fox,

but he's a definite threat

to their young.

Ajax senses the coming danger,

rising to meet the threat.

The jackal is bigger, but

when it comes to defending his pups,

the little fox is ready to fight...

...unlike his adversary.

The end of the dry season brings

many animals to the Nossob riverbed

in search of water

and a place to graze.

The bat-eared foxes' home range

can extend up to two square miles

of this scrubland.

An area

they constantly forage for food.

In daylight,

Selene often hunts by scent or sight.

Termites are a dietary staple

and it's no problem finding them

as they scamper in the dirt.

As night falls,

her hunt does not stop.

Instead, it begins in earnest.

The dark hours are a dangerous time

to be alone in the Kalahari.

But Selene is now in her element.

And all night

she will rely on her ears.

She uses those unmistakable ears

like radar

and they guide her to meals

burrowed underground.

By comparison, a scorpion is loud...

and dangerous.

But bat-eared foxes will eat them,

stinging tail and all.

The jackal also st*lks at night...

and Selene's determined

to send him on his way.

Arching her back

and bristling her hair,

she confronts the intruder

and defends her ground.

But the jackal isn't up

for a fight tonight.

A cautious victor,

Selene sees him off...

then settles down to the

more productive business of listening.

This time her search is interrupted

by an unfamiliar sound.

It's another bat-eared fox, crippled, and on the run.

This little one was most likely

injured by a predator.

Now it will be lucky

to last the night.

Selene recognizes her own species,

but she can't afford to stay.

His injury is a magnet for danger...

and in the night,

danger comes in the form of lions.

The crippled little fox

never had a chance.

The Kalahari is home to

many predators...

and bat-eared foxes

are always at risk.

Next morning, Ajax is still keeping

watch over the pups,

waiting for his turn to feed.

Adventure is already up and about,

investigating.

Flash, on the other hand,

never misses a chance to get

in a little extra grooming...

and a snuggle with her father.

Little Joe and Kinky

stick close to the burrow.

There's relative safety by the den...

especially when a meerkat sentry

sounds the local alarm.

It seems some new neighbors moved in

during the night.

And the meerkats aren't at all

happy about it.

They're cape foxes

and they're not welcome.

They may be relatives

of the bat-ears,

but these are full-blooded omnivores.

They'll eat anything,

even a meerkat baby.

One cape fox youngster has been left

at the den

while its parents are off on a hunt.

He's just a pup no a real threat but

the meerkats want to bully him out.

They inch their way closer,

testing the wind,

just in case his parents return.

Then they set out

to give him a good scare.

The young cape fox is frightened,

but no more than those

who torment him.

The truth is,

even half a dozen meerkats

don't amount to much of a threat.

And now it may be too late.

The mother cape fox is on the horizon.

Cape fox parents may spend more time

away from home

than the bat ears,

but they do eventually return...

which could mean trouble

for the meerkats.

As the mother heads back

to her youngster,

the meerkat guards

are clearly agitated.

But there's nothing they can do

except stand by and watch.

With the father returning

to the burrow as well,

there's no question

they're outgunned.

The mother tends to her offspring,

but it's the meerkats

that need consoling.

They built this neighborhood.

But now it's been taken over.

They gather the troops and leave.

Safe neighborhoods are hard to find

on the open Kalahari.

They stop often

to check their surroundings.

For Ajax's family,

this departure could be a problem.

Their early warning system

has just fled across the desert.

In a dry riverbed not far away,

the meerkats arrive at a new home

one they excavated earlier.

Still, it has to be inspected.

Sure enough,

there are other occupants...

another family of bat-eared foxes.

The meerkats decide to stay.

The bat-eared foxes will chase away

any jackals that could come near.

While protecting their young,

they'll be guarding the meerkats as well.

For the second fox family,

the meerkat alarm system

is extremely useful.

There's always at least

one meerkat on guard.

The only other animals around are

a harmless group of ground squirrels.

The new place seems safe enough,

but the meerkats are always curious,

always cautious.

With new neighbors,

everyone's a little on edge.

Soon the guard announces

a real threat:

the menacing jackal's back

on the scene.

The male fox races out,

urging the jackal to move on.

At the other den, Ajax, Selene,

and the pups

don't realize the jackal

is circling back toward them.

With no meerkat sentry,

the foxes are more vulnerable

than ever.

Slipping through the shrubs,

the jackal gets very close...

...before he's spotted.

The jackal has been out-foxed

yet again,

but he'll never stop trying.

For all the animals here,

this is a lean and hungry time...

a time of long hunts

and little food.

At midday,

Ajax returns to the den to rest.

Daytime foraging can be rough

under the summer sun,

when temperatures of over 100 degrees

take their toll.

It's December,

the end of the hot dry season,

and the Kalahari bakes like

an open-air furnace.

Some of the animals here

are well-adapted to the heat,

but almost all seek out

whatever shade they can find

to conserve their energy.

Only the hungriest are out

on the prowl,

like this gaunt mother cheetah.

Ajax must shepherd the pups back into

the burrow to wait out the threat

as the cheetah st*lks nearby.

Little Adventure does not know

enough to hide.

The cheetah calls to her

three offspring.

Luckily for little Adventure,

the cheetahs have another meal

in mind.

With the danger past, Selene calls

the other pups from the den.

Only Adventure shows little interest

in nursing.

He's well on his way to being

weaned.

Now almost 2 months old,

it won't be long before the other

pups follow suit.

But they still haven't lost

their interest in having fun.

There's always time for a good romp.

These rough and tumble games

may be practice

for more dangerous encounters

to come.

In the cool of the early evening,

games give way

to more serious matters.

The cheetahs have focused on

a herd of springbok.

The hunters eye their prey, waiting

for the right moment to strike.

The springbok are unaware of

the predators...

but these young cats are

still learning the rules of the hunt.

They launch their attack.

But it's too late.

The inexperienced cheetah

has let the prey escape.

Over the next few hours,

the cheetahs will test

their skills again.

By night, the cheetahs would

make the k*ll that eluded them by day.

Of course,

the jackal is never far off.

If he's hoping to find a meal here,

he'll have to settle for scraps.

All he can do is wait.

But other hungry eyes

watch from the darkness.

And the jackal decides to move in.

The cheetahs won't stand for it.

The scavenger continues

to lurk in the shadows.

Finally, the jackal can stand it no longer,

and grabs at the only thing it can

the discarded entrails.

And then the brown hyena

launches its as*ault.

Powerfully built,

with bone-crushing jaws,

the hyena is a dangerous rival.

The cheetahs won't risk injury

just to keep a few bones.

They've had their fill.

But as the carcass disappears

into the night...

the loss is harder on the jackal.

With their stomachs full,

the cheetahs settle in

to groom and lounge.

With all this action so close to home,

Ajax and Selene set off

in search of another den.

But moving at night can be risky.

The jackal is already on their trail.

And this time...

he's brought his mate.

Out in the open,

the foxes have nowhere to shelter

their pups if trouble begins.

Suddenly, Selene senses danger.

Ajax repels the first as*ault.

But this time,

the jackals aren't running away.

Selene looks for her pups

one's missing.

Little Joe has wandered off.

Ajax goes on the offensive.

But as he fights off the first jackal,

in the confusion...

the other goes for the prize.

In a matter of seconds...

little Joe is taken.

There's nothing Ajax can do.

The Kalahari

has claimed another victim.

As a new day breaks,

it's an unsettling time

for our fox family.

They've moved to a new home,

but paid a terrible price.

And there are more hard times

to come.

In this part of the Kalahari,

the rains are late this year.

The land has turned to dust.

The sun wrings...

every drop of moisture

out of the land.

The wildebeest are skittish

in the heat and with good reason.

As herds gather at the riverbed,

predators follow.

In these difficult times,

the lionesses are reluctant

to share even with their own cubs.

The winds that blow now

bring only trouble.

Sand storms are on the way.

Great clouds of dust

swirl across the land.

The animals wander in a choking haze.

But the parching winds

will soon bring relief as well.

Finally, the drought breaks.

The lions luxuriate in the shower...

and the foxes get a new lease on life.

The deluge may continue off and on

for months.

In February,

the rains temporarily subside,

and a new world is revealed.

The Kalahari has been transformed.

The Nossob is once again a river, and

it will draw life from miles around.

Storks arrive in search of

the hordes of insects

that appear after the rains.

Many animals are getting

their first drink of water in months.

Springbok find a great green pasture

spread out before them.

For the foxes too, things are changing.

These are fat times for everyone.

Even nervous meerkats

will take advantage of

this season of abundance.

The fox pups are growing up.

The family no longer needs

to stay close to the den.

For Kinky, Adventure and Flash,

there's a new world to explore.

The small animals

that endured the dry season

now find themselves surrounded by

the grazing herds

that follow the summer rains.

Gemsbok, springbok, hartebeest

all return to the riverbed

in this time of plenty.

For grazers like this wildebeest,

there's a banquet at their feet.

The bat-ears, like all the animals

in this part of the Kalahari,

take advantage of the bounty.

Ajax has had

a successful day of foraging.

He's got a gecko a tiny lizard.

And he's bringing home the treat.

For the pups, this wiggly snack

will present a new challenge.

Flash is still angling

for easier meals,

but her brothers go for the gecko.

Selene is only reluctantly

willing to nurse.

The pups are getting too big.

With a full set of teeth, they are

now well equipped to chew up a lizard.

A neighboring family of cape foxes

makes its presence known.

The bat-ears aren't glad to see them.

For the first time,

Kinky and Adventure show a Cape Fox

who's in charge.

Selene gives her feisty youngsters

a grooming reward.

While Ajax always pugnacious adds

a bit of bravado to the display.

Of course,

intimidating the youngsters is easy.

It may be a different story when

the Cape Fox mother returns.

But the belligerent Ajax won't

stand for any trouble.

The Cape Fox mother will keep her distance for a while

leaving her youngster to defend

for himself.

As long as Ajax is around,

the pup will have to wait

for his next meal.

As it turns out, there are big events

afoot for the bat-eared foxes.

As the sun begins to set,

the pups are heading out

to forage for themselves.

The whole family sets off together.

For Selene and Ajax,

this marks a turning point.

It's been hard work

caring for the pups,

but they're on the way

to taking care of themselves.

No longer tied to the den,

the pups can explore the landscape.

The pups...

and the family itself

are quickly coming of age.

In the Kalahari,

night is the time of the hunter.

And now the bat-eared fox family

can make the most of it.

They'll hunt like this for hours

and there'll be some surprises

along the way.

For the pups, this gecko will offer

another chance to test their skills.

Flash already knows insects,

but lizards still present a challenge.

Of course,

Ajax knows exactly what to do.

Flash begs for a bite,

but she must learn to catch her own.

It's time for Ajax to give her a lesson,

he stuns the gecko,

then waits as his daughter

draws near.

She's happy to try a morsel...

now that it's stopped running around.

Not far away the cape fox mother

is also out foraging.

For these accomplished omnivores,

catching a gecko is second nature.

The young cape foxes know just how

to handle fresh meat.

Even as pups,

they have the k*ller instinct.

A night-jar chose the wrong place

to rest.

These ferocious youngsters

will go after anything

from a bird to a baby meerkat.

But on the other side of the river,

the young bat-eared foxes

are still learning.

For Kinky, a scorpion is

definitely a mouthful.

Which end should he grab?

Instinctively, he seems to know

it's not entirely harmless.

But subdued,

a scorpion is a crunchy treat.

Meanwhile,

Adventure's inquisitive streak...

leads him off into the night.

But he's not alone.

The lion is closer than

the foxes realize.

And in an instant,

it's too late.

Selene searches for her youngster,

but he's gone.

For a moment,

Ajax seems to consider a run

at the lion.

But for all his posturing,

there's nothing he can do.

Another young member of his family

has been taken.

The family regroups at their old den,

seeking safety on familiar ground.

For the bat-eared fox family,

times are tough.

They've lost half the litter

only two pups remain.

The rains have passed

and winter comes to the Kalahari.

It's June, and Kinky and Flash

are nearly grown.

The land is dry again.

And food is dwindling.

But there are more than enough

termites around.

Their mounds are everywhere

in this part of the Kalahari.

With the cooler temperatures,

the bat-ears can forage all day.

Now that Flash and Kinky are grown,

the jackal is no longer a threat,

and he actually forages

alongside the family.

There's plenty here for everyone.

By now,

the grazing animals have all gone.

But an exotic visitor drops by

a kori bustard.

One of the heaviest of

the flying birds,

it's also come to partake in the termite feast.

The youngsters have seen

a lot of things by now,

but nothing quite like this.

Flash stays out of the way.

By August,

the foxes are nine months old

and their lives take another turn.

A newly mature Flash is leaving scent

markings letting males know

she'll soon be ready to mate.

But Ajax, the protective father,

covers her markings with his own.

Still,

Flash's instincts won't be denied.

While the family forages, Flash

is on her own persistent mission.

She's done her advertising,

and it's been noticed.

A young male fox has caught her scent.

Flash welcomes him,

and the courtship begins.

Over the next few days,

the two foxes will bond.

Flash isn't ready to mate,

but she's interested.

And her suitor, even more.

None of this sits well with Ajax.

Flash and her suitor

take their first tentative steps together.

He seems a little pushy.

She seems inclined to go along.

Ajax has seen enough.

Heads down

the youngsters beg for forbearance

Flash interceding as her beau

cowers behind.

But Ajax wants him gone.

His parental work done,

Ajax settles down with the family.

Flash rejoins them.

Her first flirtation has been

a failure.

Or has it?

Her would-be mate hasn't gone far.

He's just a quarter-of-a-mile away.

Foraging to keep us his strength,

he intends to stick around for awhile.

Ajax seems to be feeling complacent.

He's managed to keep his family

intact at least for now.

But Kinky, too,

has reached sexual maturity and

now he's in the market for a mate.

He leaves the family

in search of his future.

Soon Flash's persistent...

suitor tries another approach.

This time, he advances with deference

a young suitor seeking approval.

This approach goes over much better

with Ajax,

who allows the young suitor

to leave with Flash.

The young couple set off

to begin their new life.

Meanwhile, Kinky has discovered

the scent of an available female,

and in passing, leaves his own.

As night falls, the female's family

discovers his markings.

Kinky's potential mate

appears receptive,

adding her own scent to his.

She is, in fact, the fox next door

from the riverbed family.

Kinky tries his luck.

They seem a little touchy,

so he takes a low-key approach.

And it appears to be working.

Ears back, crouching low,

he's a study in submission.

The new couple leave the family behind and,

in time,

their courtship will begin in earnest.

Meanwhile, Flash and her mate have

moved to her family's first burrow.

But she's still not ready to mate.

When the time finally comes,

he's still not sure which end is up.

At last, he gets it right.

To help insure the success

of their union,

the mating will go on for days.

In just over two months,

the couple will know

if they've accomplished their goal.

With luck, there will soon be

new additions to the neighborhood.

By November, Flash has pups of her own

a healthy litter of three.

Despite the hardships of life

in this unforgiving land,

Ajax and Selene's bloodline

now has a chance of living on.

A feisty new generation of pups

has arrived...

desert foxes...

with an ear to the winds

that blow across the great Kalahari.